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Frequently Asked Questions

What causes kidney stones?

Bard Urological
Doctors do not always know what causes a stone to form. It seems that some people are just susceptible to having stones-and those who are might increase their risk by eating certain foods, or by not drinking enough water. A person with a family history of kidney stones may be more likely to develop stones. Urinary tract infections, kidney disorders such as cystic kidney diseases, and metabolic disorders such as hyperparathyroidism are also linked to stone formation.
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FAQ: Kidney
Kidney stones are hardened crystal clumps that can develop in the urinary system. They usually form because there is a breakdown in the balance of liquids and dissolved solids in the urine. The kidneys must keep the right amount of water in the body while they remove materials that the body cannot use. If this balance is disturbed, the urine can become overloaded with substances (usually small crystals) that won't dissolve in water.
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Beverly Hills Medical Group, 57 Paseo de Roxas Street, Makat...
There are no definite answers but it appears that there is a mix of genetic factors (the risk of stones tends to run in families) and environmental factors such as a hot climate or your dietary intake. Stones tend to occur in the 20-40's age group and are three times as common in men as compared to women. Other factors include abnormalities of the urinary tract system, recurrent urinary tract infections and some metabolic disorders.
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What are kidney stones?

Frequently Asked Questions
A kidney stone occurs when substances in the urine form crystals. Kidney stones can be large or small. Large ones can damage the kidneys; small ones may be able to pass in the urine. Because crystals have sharp edges, passing even small stones can be very painful. Treatment depends on what the stones are made of.
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What causes the pain of kidney stones?

David H. Cornell, MD, FACS | Phone (404) UROLOGY
For the most part, a kidney stone does not cause pain while it is located in the kidney where it was formed. When a kidney stone becomes dislodged and falls into the ureter (the tube which drains the urine from the kidney down to the bladder) the person feels pain. The pain is due to the obstruction of urine flow caused by the kidney stone blocking off the ureter. The pain is actually due to back pressure of urine in the affected kidney.
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Can kidney stones damage the kidney?

KidneyStones.org
Kidney stones that block or obstruct the flow of urine within the urinary tract may be responsible for infection or even deterioration of renal function.
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How are kidney stones treated?

Info
Most stones can be treated with increased fluid intake, changes in diet and medication. About 90 percent of stones will pass by themselves within three to six weeks. Certain types of stones may sometimes be dissolved using medications; however, calcium-containing stones (the most common type in the U.S.) cannot be dissolved.
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Can kidney stones be prevented?

Info
Treatments that can prevent kidney stones from forming are possible in may cases. Strong evidence suggests that a high fluid intake may decrease the risk of stones. In addition, once the cause of the stone is found, medications or changes in diet may be used to help prevent new stones. The type of medication used is based on blood and urine tests.
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Are kidney stones common?

KidneyStones.org
Kidney stones are a relatively common problem. Approximately 350-thousand Americans have new stones each year. Approximately 15% of Americans will develop stones at some point during their lifetime.
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What are the different types of kidney stones?

KidneyStones.org
There are many different types of kidney stones. The vast majority of stones are composed of calcium. The most common types of stones are calcium oxalate (70%), calcium phosphate (5-10%), struvite (10%), uric acid (10%) and cystine (1%). It is not uncommon for a single stone to be made of more than one of these types. When this occurs, the stone is commonly referred to as a mixed stone. Less common types of kidney stones include Xanthine, DHA and crixivan stones.
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Who gets kidney stones?

KidneyStones.org
Patients who are at risk for stone formation include inadequate hydration, dietary practices, stones that run in families, infections, anatomical factors within the urinary tract and metabolic conditions that may promote stone formation.
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Do kidney stones form in one or both kidneys?

KidneyStones.org
The majority of renal stones are found in one kidney. However, bilateral renal calculi occur in 10 - 15% of patients. The CT scan, below, shows a stone in each kidney (red arrowheads).
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Can kidney stones reoccur?

KidneyStones.org
Patients who have a kidney stone may have another kidney stone in the future. The risk of a patient having a recurrence of a stone can be up to 50% in 5-10 years and 80% in their lifetime.
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Do you treat kidney stones by breaking them up?

FAQs - TerKeurst Urology Clinic
Yes. The treatment is called lithotripsy. It uses shockwaves to break up stones inside the body. It is appropriate for kidney stones as well as ureter and urinary bladder stones.
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Kidney Stones, SVCMC; New York NY
Kidney stones form when the normal balance of water, salts, minerals, and other things found in urine changes. This can happen if you do not get enough fluids (dehydration) or if you eat foods high in oxalate, such as dark green vegetables. Kidney stones may also be an inherited disease. If other people in your family have had them, you may have them too.
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Natural Kidney Stones Remedy- What Will Dissolve your Kidney...
In most cases, kidney stones are caused by not drinking enough water. Other causes might include: family history, a poor diet, low levels of activity; hotter and humid climates; and some medication side-effects. Typically, kidney stones will develop because of inadequate fluid intake which could be associated with higher protein diets, little purified water, and soda consumption. It should be noted that soda does not directly cause kidney stones.
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What are the symptoms of kidney stones?

Bard Urological
Sometimes, urinary stones cause no symptoms at all. But often, urinary stones can cause pain-possibly severe- as well as blood in the urine, nausea or vomiting, the need to urinate more often, or burning during urination. If you're experiencing any of these symptoms, you should contact your doctor for evaluation. And if fever and chills accompany any of these symptoms, contact a doctor immediately, as you may have an infection.
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Can kidney stones recur?

FAQ: Kidney
People who have had one kidney stone are prone to develop others. Without preventive treatment or changes in lifestyle, patients can develop a new stone within a year or two of the first one. About half of patients do develop a stone again within 5 to 10 years, and 80% do so sometime in their lives.
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Will EZorb Calcium cause kidney stones?

Ultimate Arthritis pain relief,Rheumatoid Arthritis Treatmen...
It is common for inorganic calcium supplements to cause kidney stones and small intestine stones due to low absorption rate. EZorb Calcium is made of anhydrous calcium aspartate which boasts an exceptional 92% absorption rate. EZorb Calcium is one of the few, if not the only, calcium supplements that will not cause kidney stones.
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How do kidney stones form?

David H. Cornell, MD, FACS | Phone (404) UROLOGY
Kidney stones are the result of mineral precipitation in the urine. The most common cause is dehydration which causes the urine to become saturated with specific minerals that begin to precipitate as crystals and subsequently stones.
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How do you diagnose kidney stones?

David H. Cornell, MD, FACS | Phone (404) UROLOGY
Pain in the back or flank area or blood in the urine may suggest the presence of a kidney stone, but the diagnosis requires imaging. The most accurate (and currently most popular) means of diagnosing a kidney stone is a CAT Scan. The specific technique used is helical kidney stone protocol.
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What about kidney stones? Are they caused by calcium supplementation?

Coral Calcium - Frequently Asked Questions
Additional calcium intake may actually lower your risk for kidney stones. The largest study ever conducted on calcium and kidney stones, published in the New England Journal of Medicine in 1993, and another published in 1997, showed that daily calcium intake above 850 mg decreased the incidence of symptomatic kidney stones. Reducing your intake of dietary oxalate, a substance found in wheat bran, rhubarb, beets and nuts may also lower your risk of stones.
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What is the treatment for kidney stones?

Beverly Hills Medical Group, 57 Paseo de Roxas Street, Makat...
Treatment varies according to size and position of the stone within the urinary tract. The size of the stone can range from a small pinhead to the size of a walnut, completely filling the kidney collecting system. Smaller stones may pass spontaneously, however if the stone is too big, intervention may be necessary. The actual treatment will depend on your clinical history, examination and imaging, usually in the form of X-rays or a CT scan.
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What causes kidney failure in children?

Info
There are many different causes of kidney failure in children. Some problems are "congenital or "hereditary, meaning the child was born with them. Some children develop kidney failure because urine "refluxes," or flows back, from the bladder into the kidneys instead of being excreted. This disorder may be associated with urinary tract infections, but may produce no signs or symptoms until severe kidney damage has occurred.
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