The principle reason is to reduce the risk of severe dehydration and provide greater freedom to participate in activities in which it is difficult, if not impossible, to drink and urinate frequently. My friend, aged 55, recently had a cystic pituitary tumor removed. In the following months, she has deteriorated, with symptoms such as signs of brain damage, thirst, very sleepy, incoherent speech, incontinent, and eyes not functioning properly.

Most people who are bitten by a mosquito with WNV will not get sick. People who do become ill may experience mild to moderate flu-like symptoms like fever, headache and body ache. It is estimated that less than 1% of the people who are infected with WNV become severely ill and require hospitalization. The elderly and immunocompromised are particularly susceptible to illness caused by WNV. Currently there is no specific treatment for WNV infection.

The treatment of CDI in the post-partum state is essentially the same as in other conditions provided the patient is conscious and able to take fluids by mouth. DDAVP may be given by nasal spray, tablets, or injection. If CDI is due to Sheehan's syndrome (pituitary necrosis), it may also be necessary to treat anterior pituitary hormone deficiencies. In any case, water balance should be monitored closely until it is clear that the patient's thirst and fluid intake are regulated appropriately.

One form of familial NDI is due to a recessive mutation that is carried by females but causes DI only in males. Therefore, it is possible, if not likely, that your son inherited the disease from his mother, even though she is not affected.

CDI is treated with dDAVP, a synthetic (manmade) form of the natural antidiuretic hormone, vasopressin. If another disease causes the DI it is treated separately. The method of treatment depends on what that disease is. It can be surgery, radiation, or drugs.

The fear of pain is the leading concern of most patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. Often a vague mid-abdominal pain is one of the first symptoms of pancreatic cancer. There is no fixed pattern, but often, over time, the pain of pancreatic cancer may move or radiate more through the abdomen to the back area.

GI bleeding is an abbreviation for gastrointestinal bleeding. GI bleeding can have many causes from esophagitis to gastritis (inflammation in the stomach) to peptic ulcers to polyps, inflammatory bowel disease, tumors, and hemorrhoids. Those with PXE are subject to the same diseases as the general population, so any of these could develop in individuals with PXE and have nothing to do with PXE.

Approximately 50 million Americans experience tinnitus, but not everyone experiences it to the same degree. Some people hear ringing or other noises in their ears immediately following exposure to excessive noise, like right after a concert, but the sound is temporary. Other people report hearing a slight noise all the time if they listen for it, but most of the time cannot distinguish the noise over all the other sounds in their environment.

Yes. The sun has damaging UV rays that can cause photokeratitis, pingueculae, and permanent retinal damage.

It is true that it is less effective in growing hair in older individuals, but a main benefit of Propecia, that of prevention of further loss is just as important.

My illustrations are usually lively and bright. But sometimes I'll write a story whose mood is deep, dark, and quiet. When I do, my publisher finds an illustrator whose style matches it -- for example, Flashlight, a nighttime story that was illustrated by Stacy Schuett.

If your child's stomach pain or discomfort symptoms sound similar to those of heartburn, acid indigestion, and sour stomach, then you may want to use an over-the-counter acid relief product such as Children's MYLANTA® chewable tablets. This safe, gentle, and effective remedy is specially formulated for children. It contains only certain ingredients, like calcium carbonate, which has calcium, an ingredient growing children need.

A CDI is a CREST Depository Interest. CREST holds all international stocks in a pool in a local depository such as Clearstream for German stocks and DTC for US stocks. CREST then issues a CDI to each holder of the security which can then be transferred in CREST just like a UK share.

Everyone reacts differently to the reversal process. Generally, you'll experience the same fibromyalgia symptoms you've had all along. The surprises come when things show up that you didn't recognize as symptoms of fibromyalgia the first time they were experienced and sometimes you were not focused on some symptoms at all, or they were subtle, and now they seem like new symptoms.

Being organized is not about how it looks. It's about how it feels. Besides, you're not likely to stick to changes if you make them simply to please others.

This is one of those magical webcam questions that I'm sure everyone who has a webcam gets asked constantly. No, it does not bother me. Having an inconspicous little camera sitting on top of my monitor looking at me does not present me with an unnerving experience. I don't sit here dreading all the people in the world who are watching me at this very moment (although I do make some effort to stay fully clothed just in case). If you really want to know what it feels like, set one up yourself.

In the usual patient with uncomplicated CDI, there is no need or benefit to waiting for symptoms to appear before taking the next dose of dDAVP. It is preferable to take the drug in doses or with a frequency that prevents breakthrough because this regimen is not only more convenient, it minimizes fluctuations in hydration, which, in the long run, may have deleterious effects.

There are many different causes for each of the four main types of DI. CDI is usually idiopathic (no known cause), but can also result from a variety of known disorders such as tumors, head trauma, and granulomas that involve the pituitary and hypothalamus.

The first 6 months after the disease developed, she had to take 0.3 mg/day to make herself comfortable. Now she only takes 0.15 mg/day, and she is fine (se has been on this dosage for a year and a half.)

If your CDI and hypothyroidism are fully treated, they should not interfere with your fertility. They also should not affect your life expectancy nor have any effect on other medications that you may be taking. However, the disease that apparently caused your CDI and hypothyroidism could affect any or all of these things depending on what kind of tumor it was, how it was treated, and so forth. I have CDI and am having problems getting pregnant; I do not have normal menstrual cycles.

CDI itself does not interfere with the ability to get pregnant and have normal children. However, the eosinophilic granuloma that probably caused your CDI may also have destroyed other pituitary hormones that are necessary for fertility. That has probably happened if you do not have normal menstrual periods. It is not necessarily abnormal for a girl of 16 to have irregular periods, particularly if she is very active and/or underweight.

Rosacea can also affect the eyes, causing irritation and sensitivities. Eyes may be itchy, dry or burn and tear with the feeling that sand is in the eye. The eyelids can become swollen and inflamed. This problem can affect as many as 50% of those with rosacea.

In a healthy person, alcohol transiently increases urine output primarily by inhibiting secretion of the antidiuretic hormone. As far as I know, alcohol should have little or no effect in a patient with NDI because the antidiuretic hormone is unable to affect urine concentration or flow. Therefore, urine output is already high and cannot be increased further by inhibiting hormone secretion.

The primary treatment for NDI is restricting sodium intake (300 mg to 500 mg for young children) and administering a thiazide diuretic and amiloride or other potassium-sparing diuretic, with or without a prostaglandin inhibitor. There are several companies that make these drugs. Their names and addresses can be found in the Physicians Desk Reference, which is published by Medical Economics, Five Paragon Drive, Montvale NJ 07645-1742; 201-358-7500; www.pdr.net.

Lithium-induced NDI is very similar to other types of NDI except that it may stop if the lithium can be stopped. There is no reason why it cannot be treated with a low-sodium diet and a thiazide diuretic just like other forms of NDI. The pharmaceutical drugs used to treat bipolar disorder (which would be treated by lithium) are not known to interact negatively with the medications given to treat NDI, and should not prevent your using this treatment.

Probably any major university medical center in western Europe can diagnose and treat NDI, as well as major medical centers in North America. In Europe, the one with which I am most familiar are in Denmark (Aarhus University, Dr. Soren Rittig), but there are others in Holland and Germany. You can find a list at the Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus Foundation's web site at www.ndif.org.

CDI itself does not cause infertility but some of the diseases that cause CDI occasionally do so. If you truly have CDI (and not dipsogenic DI) it is perfectly safe to take dDAVP before and during pregnancy. It does not affect fertility or the unborn fetus, provided you remember to drink only when you are thirsty. Your serum sodium level will normally be lower (by 5 mEq/l) during pregnancy. Before having DI my menstrual period was normal. After one year of having DI, my menstrual period stopped.

Without treatment, symptoms might begin from one to six days after exposure. Since the spores can live for a long time in the environment, symptoms may not start for up to 60 days or more after contamination takes place.

The aim is to deal with the problem completely within the sessions. However if the problem is in need of continuous treatment then self-hypnosis is a better option than further sessions.