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Frequently Asked Questions

How do I request new or revised MARC 21 organization codes?

MARC 21 Frequently Asked Questions (Library of Congress)
Before requesting a MARC 21 organization code, please first search the MARC Code List for Organizations. If you do not find a code for your organization, click on one of these links to access a request form in the language of your choice. You may use the online form to request up to three codes. If more than three codes are needed, please submit a list of the organizations with their names and addresses (including street, city, state, postal code, and country) via email to ndmso@loc.
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How do I request MARC 21 relator, sources or description convention codes?

MARC 21 Frequently Asked Questions (Library of Congress)
Requests should include a full bibliographic citation and a scan, photocopy or Internet link for the item to be added.
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Who maintains the MARC 21 formats?

MARC 21 Frequently Asked Questions (Library of Congress)
The Network Development and MARC Standards Office at the Library of Congress and the Standards and the Support Office at the Library and Archives Canada maintain the MARC 21 formats. Input for development is provided by MARC 21 users from around the world, including libraries, library networks and utilities, and library system vendors. See http://www.loc.gov/marc/overview.html for more information about the development and maintenance of the formats.
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How often is MARC 21 documentation updated?

MARC 21 Frequently Asked Questions (Library of Congress)
The MARC 21 formats are updated annually in October. Other documentation is updated as it becomes necessary.
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Is there a tutorial for the MARC 21 formats?

MARC 21 Frequently Asked Questions (Library of Congress)
Understanding MARC Bibliographic is a good introduction to the MARC 21 bibliographic format and includes a bibliography, discussion questions and examples. It is widely used and has been translated into several different languages. Understanding MARC Authority Records is a good introduction to the MARC 21 authority format and includes a bibliography, discussion questions and examples.
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Are there any translations of the MARC 21 formats?

MARC 21 Frequently Asked Questions (Library of Congress)
The MARC 21 Translations page contains a list of documents that are either direct translations or close adaptations of the MARC 21 formats and other MARC documentation. Where applicable, information regarding differences between the translations and MARC 21 is provided. The formats are listed alphabetically by the language of each translation and include full bibliographic citations and contact information.
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How does MARC 21 differ from the USMARC and CAN/MARC formats?

MARC 21 Frequently Asked Questions (Library of Congress)
MARC 21 is not a new format. After having discussions and making minor changes to both formats that accommodated USMARC and CAN/MARC users' specific needs, the USMARC and CAN/MARC (Canadian MARC) formats were “harmonized” into MARC 21 in 1997. See http://www.loc.gov/marc/annmarc21.html for more information about the harmonization.
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Are there any discussion groups or forums for the MARC 21 formats?

MARC 21 Frequently Asked Questions (Library of Congress)
The MARC Forum is a listserv maintained by the Network Development and MARC Standards Office and is open to anyone interested in the implementation, maintenance and development of the MARC 21 formats. The forum provides an opportunity for members of the information community to participate in discussions related to the formats. Vendor, network, technical service, automation, and reference staff and researchers are encouraged to participate.
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I would like to translate a MARC 21 publication. What should I do?

MARC 21 Frequently Asked Questions (Library of Congress)
Translations of the MARC 21 formats and other MARC documentation are greatly encouraged because of their usefulness to the entire MARC 21 community. The Network Development and MARC Standards Office does ask that intellectual credit information be included in the translation.
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Is there a list of tools compatible with the MARC 21 formats?

MARC 21 Frequently Asked Questions (Library of Congress)
A list of some of the bibliographic tools that support the MARC 21 formats is at www.loc.gov/marc/marctools.html. It includes software programs that provide enhanced usability to MARC 21 records and systems. Some of the tools are freeware or open source.
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Is there a list of MARC 21 record services?

MARC 21 Frequently Asked Questions (Library of Congress)
A list of some of the record services that support the MARC 21 formats is at www.loc.gov/marc/marcrecsvrs.html. It includes services that distribute MARC 21 records, such as records for copy cataloging, records supplied with materials, records used for recon purposes, updated records, conversion services, etc.
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What systems are compatible with the MARC 21 formats?

MARC 21 Frequently Asked Questions (Library of Congress)
A list of some of the systems that support the MARC 21 formats is at www.loc.gov/marc/marcsysvend.html. The list includes systems that collect, organize and manage MARC 21 records.
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How do I report errors in MARC 21 documentation?

MARC 21 Frequently Asked Questions (Library of Congress)
If you notice an error or omission in either the print or online MARC 21 documentation, please contact ndmso@loc.gov. Describe the error and where it occurs. Please be as specific as possible.
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How do I propose making a change to the MARC 21 formats?

MARC 21 Frequently Asked Questions (Library of Congress)
Proposals for changes to the formats may originate from any MARC 21 user. Please either fill out the MARC 21 Formats Proposed Change Form or contact the Network Development and MARC Standards Office at the Library of Congress or the Standards division at the Library and Archives Canada.
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How do I code electronic resources in a MARC 21 record?

MARC 21 Frequently Asked Questions (Library of Congress)
The document Guidelines for Coding Electronic Resources in Leader/06 assists users coding fixed fields in records for electronic resources. Guidelines for the Use of Field 856 provides guidance on using field 856 (Electronic location and access) in all the MARC 21 formats. Guidelines for Distinguishing Cartographic Electronic Resources from other Electronic Resources assists catalogers working with cartographic electronic resources.
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What is MARC 21? What does the acronym “MARC” mean?

MARC 21 Frequently Asked Questions (Library of Congress)
MARC is the acronym for MAchine-Readable Cataloging. It defines a data format that emerged from a Library of Congress-led initiative that began nearly forty years ago. It provides the mechanism by which computers exchange, use, and interpret bibliographic information, and its data elements make up the foundation of most library catalogs used today. MARC became USMARC in the 1980s and MARC 21 in the late 1990s.
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Are SGML or XML versions of the MARC 21 formats available?

MARC 21 Frequently Asked Questions (Library of Congress)
The Network Development and MARC Standards Office has developed a framework for working with MARC data in a XML environment. This framework is intended to be flexible and extensible, allowing users to work with MARC data in ways that meet their specific needs. The framework contains many components such as schemas, stylesheets, and software tools developed and maintained by the Library of Congress. Conversion utilities between MARC (ISO 2709) and MARCXML are also available. Please see www.loc.
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Where do I find the U.S. National Level/Minimal Level Record Requirements for the MARC 21 formats?

MARC 21 Frequently Asked Questions (Library of Congress)
There is no list of of “mandatory” data elements that must appear in a MARC 21 record. Thereotically, a record could simply consist of a leader and a 245 (title) field. However, there is a list of the MARC 21 data elements required to meet minimal and national level requirements in the United States for the bibliographic and authority formats. Please note that other countries may have different lists of required data elements.
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Do I need to submit a highlighted copy of the revised protocol with my request to amend my study?

KUMC Human Subjects Committee: Frequently Asked Questios
No. When requesting to amend the research, provide a letter, or other documentation, clearly defining the modification and/or addition to the previously approved research along with the new revised protocol.
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REVISED 12/2007) What forms are submitted to request an effective tax administration OIC?

Offer In Compromise - Frequently Asked Questions
A detailed written narrative must be documented on Form 656, Item 9. The narrative must explain the exceptional circumstances and why payment of the tax liability in full would either create an economic hardship or demonstrate why there is compelling public policy or equity considerations sufficient to support an acceptance recommendation. The taxpayer bears the burden of proof to show their OIC qualifies for public policy or equity considerations.
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How do I request new codes be assigned to my certification?

Frequently Asked Questions | Washington State Office of Mino...
Submit your request to OMWBE in writing. Specify what type of new work your firm is performing and include documentation that shows the firm is performing this work and has the equipment necessary to perform this work. Be specific! We need details in order to accurately code your new type of work and make sure your firm’s business description matches the codes assigned to you. Examples of documentation include copies of signed bids, contracts, work orders, etc.
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Why are codes and standards revised?

Codes and Standards Frequently Asked Questions
Codes and standards are living documents that are constantly revised to reflect new developments and technical advances (e.g., new materials, new designs and new applications).
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Why a new organization?

Frequently Asked Questions About XML:DB
The founders of the XML:DB initiative felt that in order for XML databases to reach maturity within the marketplace a dedicated organization was necessary to bring all interested parties together. The XML:DB initiative is not designed as a replacement for the efforts of the W3C or any other organization. Our goal is to work together with those organizations while focusing on our unique area of interest around XML database technology.
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How do I make a request to the Zoo for a donation to my organization?

NC Zoo™ - North Carolina Zoo : Frequently Asked Questi...
Any request for a donation must: 1) Be sent by fax or mail to N.C. Zoo on official letterhead stationary 2) Include the purpose of the request 3) Specify the date of the fundraiser or event. Please include flyers or newspaper articles with requests when possible. E-mail requests cannot be accepted. Requests may be faxed to (336) 879-7208 or mailed to 4401 Zoo Parkway, Asheboro, NC 27205; Attn: Marketing Donation Request. For more information, please call (336) 879-7203.
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What will the revised rental under the new lease be?

FAQs, Commercial Property Advisors and Consultants Aitchison...
The rental is open to negotiation between the parties and in default of agreement the court will have regard to the terms of the tenancy and determine a rent at which the holding might reasonably be expected to be let in the open market by a willing lessor, disregarding occupation of the holding by the tenant, any goodwill attached to the holding, any effect of the tenants improvements.
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What is the meaning of the codes such as (11), (21), (22), etc.?

Search Help
If you hold your mouse over a particular INID code, the meaning of that code will be displayed in the browser's status bar. If not, click on a code and it should display the meaning in a new window. No, this is currently not possible but it is a feature which we hope to add in the future. For information, there is a software called PatSee which enables you to download a patent as a single multi-page PDF file. A shareware version of this software can be downloaded for trial purposes.
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What is Marc??

Marc - The Creditor's Assistant
Marc? is the most versatile, most dependable and cost-effective accounts receivable management and collection software program on the market today. You might just as well have asked, "Who is Marc??" because Marc? will come to be looked at as one of your most trusted and relied upon employees very soon after installation.
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IMAP > Cataloging Project > FAQ
MARC stands for MAchine Readable Cataloging. It is a system designed to allow the computerized cataloging of library and archival materials. Originally designed for use on mainframes in the 1960s, it has been adapted to many types of computers and software. It is the most widely used system of computerized cataloging in the United States.
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How does one request new ISO 639 language codes?

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) - Codes for the representat...
To request new codes in the ISO 639 standards, please fill out the online form at: www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/iso639-2form.html. Before submitting your requests, please review the criteria used to define new codes. Appropriate documentation must be provided with the request.
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How can I request a donation for my group or organization?

Dare Foods > FAQ'S
Dare feels very strongly about giving back to the community and as part of this commitment we regularly support a number of organizations like Canadian Breast Cancer Foundation, ChildFind, Breakfast for Learning, Adopt A family and many more. Unfortunately, given the number of requests Dare receives it makes it impossible to support them all.
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