New human flu viruses can arise from bird flu viruses that then change to a form that can infect humans and spread readily from person to person. Current bird flu outbreaks in Asia, Europe and Africa are caused by a type of flu virus called "H5N1." Human infections and deaths due to the H5N1 virus have occurred, although the virus has at this time not developed the ability to pass easily from person to person and cause outbreaks in humans.

The risk from bird flu is generally low to most people because the viruses occur mainly among birds and do not usually infect humans. However, during an outbreak of bird flu among poultry (domesticated chicken, ducks, turkeys), there is a possible risk to people who have contact with infected birds or surfaces that have been contaminated with excretions from infected birds.

The avian influenza virus must change. The virus can change to become more contagious among humans in two ways. The first is a "reassortment" event, in which genetic material is exchanged between human and avian viruses during co-infection of a human or pig. Reassortment could result in a fully contagious pandemic virus.

In February 2004, CDC provided U.S. health departments with recommendations for enhanced surveillance (“detection”) in the U.S. of avian influenza A (H5N1). Follow-up messages, distributed via the Health Alert Network, were sent to the health departments on August 12, 2004, and February 4, 2005; both alerts reminded health departments about how to detect (domestic surveillance), diagnose, and prevent the spread of avian influenza A (H5N1).

The current risk to Americans from the H5N1 bird flu outbreak in Asia is low. The strain of H5N1 virus found in Asia and Europe has not been found in the United States. There have been no human cases of H5N1 flu in the United States. It is possible that travelers returning from affected countries in Asia could be infected if they were exposed to the virus. Since February 2004, medical and public health personnel have been watching closely to find any such cases.

Studies done in laboratories suggest that the prescription medicines approved for human flu viruses should work in preventing bird flu infection in humans. However, flu viruses can become resistant to these drugs, so these medications may not always work. Additional studies are needed to prove the effectiveness of these medicines

Symptoms of bird flu reported in humans have ranged from typical influenza-like symptoms (fever, cough, sore throat, and muscle aches) to eye infections, pneumonia, acute respiratory distress (difficulty breathing), viral pneumonia and other severe and life-threatening complications. Only if you have recently returned from travel to an area where bird flu is present. Depending on your symptoms, dates of travel, and activities, additional testing might be recommended.

The bird flu virus is found in the saliva, nasal secretions, and feces of an infected bird. People need to have close contact with infected birds or surfaces contaminated with their excretions to get bird flu. There is no evidence of sustained person-to-person transmission of the virus at this time.

Probably not. But there are many unknowns involved, making accurate prediction impossible. Bird flu is still a bird disease. The H5N1 bird flu in Asia and Europe does not spread well from person-to-person. The first is a "reassortment event", in which a person is infected with a human flu and the bird flu virus at the same time. Genetic material is exchanged between the human and avian viruses during this co-infection, and a human version of bird flu emerges.

The best way to protect yourself from the common flu that goes around each year is to get a flu shot. However, there is currently no flu shot for avian or pandemic flu. By following these simple steps, you can reduce your risk of getting the flu, regardless of whether it’s avian, pandemic or seasonal: Wash your hands often, long enough and with warm water and soap. Wash your hands for as long as it takes to sing “Happy Birthday” all the way through twice (about 20 seconds).

Federal, State, and local health agencies are making plans to prepare for, respond to, and contain an outbreak of pandemic flu.

A pandemic flu is a world wide outbreak of a new flu virus. Pandemic flu outbreaks have occurred only three times in the past century. The CDC, state and local health officials are watching the current pandemic flu disease. There are trained medical people in place to watch the region and to give flu shots once it is made available.

The current risk to Americans from the H5N1 bird flu outbreak in Asia is low. The strain of H5N1 virus found in Asia has not been found in the United States. There have been no human cases of H5N1 flu in the United States. It is possible that travelers returning from affected countries in Asia could be infected. Since February 2004, medical and public health personnel have been watching closely to find any such cases.

The elderly, the very young, and those with compromised immune systems have the greatest risks of contracting bird flu. Proximity to the virus in infected birds is necessary as well. The risk from bird flu is generally low for most people because the virus occurs mainly among birds and does not usually infect humans.

Be vigilant, report 5 or more dead birds to the DNR office near you. Practice good hygiene - wash your hands frequently, do not handle dead or sick birds, and don't eat, drink, or smoke while handling birds or bird related equipment and materials. And if you feel sick stay home and call your doctor.

No. Pandemic flu is a global outbreak of human disease. It is caused by a new influenza virus that is unlike any previous flu, so people will not have any natural immunity to it. The lack of immunity means that a pandemic flu can pass readily from person to person, creating widespread illness. Currently, there is no pandemic flu circulating.

First, do not feed waterfowl – it is against the law! When someone feeds these birds, large flocks congregate, resulting in overcrowding and making it easier for diseases to spread among the flock. The large amounts of waste can also impact water quality, resulting in beach closures and shellfish bans. Stay informed. Follow instructions from public health officials, who will communicate often through the statewide and local television stations, newspapers, and radio stations.

The H5N1 virus is now firmly entrenched in poultry in large parts of Asia. As a result, more human cases will occur and provide the virus increasing opportunities for "reassortment", increasing the risk of the emergence of an easily transmissible human pandemic strain. The recent spread in wild birds and poultry to new areas also allows increased opportunities for human cases to arise in an expanding geographic range, increasing the probability that a pandemic will occur.

NO! There is a big difference between avian influenza and pandemic influenza. Avian influenza infects mainly birds and poultry. It can also infect people or animals who have very close contact with sick birds or poultry. But bird flu is not easily spread from person to person, so it cannot cause a pandemic. A pandemic influenza could only happen if the virus changes so that it is passed easily from one person to another person. This kind of change has not happened with the avian H5N1 flu virus.

In February 2004, CDC provided U.S. health departments with recommendations for enhanced surveillance ("detection") in the U.S. of avian influenza A (H5N1). Follow-up messages (Health Alert Network) were sent to the health departments on August 12, 2004, and February 4, 2005, both reminding health departments about how to detect (domestic surveillance), diagnose, and prevent the spread of avian influenza A (H5N1). It also recommended measures for laboratory testing for H5N1 virus.

The poultry industry has been working for many years to improve the safety of the American food chain and has developed biosecurity plans not only for avian influenza, but for many poultry diseases.

The Iowa DNR, working with the USDA, will begin sampling migratory and shore birds this fall to monitor for the H5N1 Avian Influenza. State and local governments have numerous disaster plans in place and are reviewing and developing additional plans to deal with an avian influenza outbreak here in Iowa and a pandemic flu in humans.

The U.S. Centers for Disease Control (CDC) currently advises travelers to countries with known outbreaks of avian influenza A of the H5N1 strain to avoid poultry farms, contact with animals in live food markets, and any surfaces that appear to be contaminated with feces from poultry or other animals. Human cases of avian influenza infection have been reported in several countries, including Azerbaijan, Cambodia, China, Egypt, Indonesia, Iraq, Thailand, Turkey and Vietnam.

Flu viruses are constantly changing, producing new strains. Flu pandemics occur when a virus emerges that is so different from previous strains that few, if any people have immunity. This allows it to spread widely and rapidly, potentially affecting millions of people worldwide. The new virus may be the result of an animal virus, usually from a bird, mixing with a human virus to produce a new strain.

The current risk for people in the United States from avian flu is low. The risk is low because of two factors. First, we do not have any birds that we know of in the United States at this time with the H5N1 flu strain. Second, because H5N1 is almost never transmitted from human to human at this time, it is not able to spread to large numbers of people. top

Currently, the government is monitoring the situation. A number of control measures will be immediately implemented in the event of the disease being suspected in flocks of poultry or tamed birds. Detailed information and advice can be found on the Surrey County Council Trading Standards web pages and on the following websites: Department of Health, Health Protection Agency, DEFRA, NHS Direct and the National Farmers Union (NFU)