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Frequently Asked Questions

Is the virus spread easily from birds to humans?

Avian Flu: Frequently Asked Questions - Shenyang, China
No. Only 121 cases have occurred in the current outbreak despite huge numbers of birds being affected and numerous associated opportunities for human exposures, especially in backyard flocks. It is not understood why some people but not others become infected with similar exposures.
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How Is The Virus Transmitted To Humans From Birds?

Avian Influenza - Bird Flu FAQ
Usually Avian Influenza viruses do not infect humans. Migratory birds act as carriers of these viruses and do not get affected by them. These birds then come in contact with domesticated birds such as chickens and turkeys and spread the infection to them. Domesticated birds may get the virus from contact with contaminated surfaces too. Once a virus infects domesticated birds, it can cause severe epidemic among the birds.
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HOW IS THE VIRUS SPREAD, IF NOT BY WILD BIRDS?

FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTION ON AVIAN INFLUENZA
Use of infected poultry manure as fertiliser in agriculture and agriculture, and as feed in fish-farms and pig farms Most outbreaks in south-east Asia can be linked to movements of poultry and poultry products (or infected material from poultry farms, such as mud on vehicles, or peoples' shoes).
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What other ways are there to spread this virus if wild birds are not responsible for it?

The Romanian Ornithological Society - Avian Influenza
There are several ways to spread the virus from one geographical region to another: transporting the birds (and their feathers) to different poultry farms, the trafficking of captured wild birds and the involuntary transporting of soil on shoe soles and vehicle tires. Each of these ways of spreading the infection plays a certain part in the epidemic, but until now all cases were triggered by domestic and farm poultry transport.
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How is the virus spread?

Avian Flu - FAQ
The virus can occur naturally in some wild migratory water birds, such as ducks and geese, which do not get sick from the virus but can carry it to other birds. Domestic poultry such as chickens and turkeys can get bird flu. These bird flu viruses pose no serious threat to human health.
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Avian Bird Flu Pandemic - Frequently Asked Questions
The virus is easily passed from person to person by breathing in air containing virus produced when an infected person talks, coughs or sneezes. It can spread through hand/face contact after touching a person or surface contaminated with the virus.
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How is influenza spread from birds to humans?

Documents and Links
Avian influenza has existed from time immemorial, but the first carefully documented case of "fowl plague" was recorded in Italy in 1878. While economically devastating, these outbreaks had few health consequences. In fact, H5N1 is the first documented case of flu transmitted directly from birds to humans. (Usually strains spreading among humans mutate, or they mix with strains in pigs or chickens.) To date, about 65 people are known to have died from H5N1 influenza.
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HOW DOES IT SPREAD TO HUMANS?

Avian Flu Awareness: Case Western Reserve University
Almost all cases of bird flu infection in humans were caused by direct exposure with infected birds or contaminated surfaces. However, risk of infection in humans is low and person-to-person transmission is exceptionally rare.
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How is bird flu spread to humans?

FAQ's - AVIAN INFLUENZA (BIRD FLU) AND AVIAN INFLUENZA A H5N...
The bird flu virus is found in the saliva, nasal secretions, and feces of an infected bird. People need to have close contact with infected birds or surfaces contaminated with their excretions to get bird flu. There is no evidence of sustained person-to-person transmission of the virus at this time.
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How is the spread of outbreaks among birds controlled?

APFluWatch Answers Pandemic Flu and Avian Flu Questions
Infected farms are placed under quarantine and infected flocks – or flocks at risk of being infected – are killed. In many countries, over 90% of all poultry was culled, devastating the poultry industries in many areas.
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Can the avian influenza be spread to humans from infected birds?

Mallu Jokes / Malayalee Jokes / Kerala Jokes - Birds Flu.......
In rare instances, people can contract avian influenza. The exact mode of transmission from birds to people is not known, but it is obvious that it has mutated and developed the ability to pass from birds to human but most human cases of avian flu have been traced to direct contact with live infected birds or their dropping
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How is the vaccine virus (vaccinia) spread?

Frequently Asked Questions
The vaccine virus (Vaccinia) is spread by touching a vaccination site before it has healed or by touching bandages or clothing that have become contaminated with live virus from the vaccination site. Vaccinia is not spread through airborne contagion. Proper handling of the vaccine site includes these three key points: If you touch either the site or materials in contact with the site by accident, clean your hands right away.
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How do cats become infected? Can they spread the virus?

Avian influenza - Frequently asked questions
All natural H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) infections in domestic cats reported to date appear to have been associated with outbreaks in domestic or wild birds and acquired through ingestion of raw meat likely infected with the H5N1 HPAI virus. Fortunately, there is no evidence to date that domestic cats play a role in the natural transmission cycle of H5N1 HPAI viruses.
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How do dogs become infected? Can they spread the virus?

Avian influenza - Frequently asked questions
There is not enough information available about H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) infection in dogs to know how infection would develop. Domestic cats in Europe appear to have become infected by eating infected poultry or wild birds. Details concerning a case of H5N1 infection in a dog in October 2004 were recently published; the dog was infected after it ate the carcass of an infected duck. View the report on the CDC Web site.
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How is influenza virus spread?

Santa Barbara County - Pandemic Flu Response
Influenza virus is mainly spread when a sick person coughs or sneezes into the face of another person. It can also spread by touching contaminated surfaces and then touching your face.
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Can humans catch the H5N1 virus from wild birds?

Welcome to the Flu in Maine Website - Avian Influenza
Transmission from wild birds to humans may be possible. Normally, avian flu viruses are passed among various species of shore birds, waterfowl and domestic birds, including poultry (chickens, turkeys, etc.). The H5N1 virus has also, on rare occasions, passed directly from domestic birds, especially chickens, to humans. This is most likely if the people are in close and regular contact with diseased poultry, as they would be in a chicken farming operation.
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Can humans catch avian influenza from wild birds?

USGS National Wildlife Health Center - Avian Influenza - Fre...
While currently there are unconfirmed reports of people being infected with H5N1 from dead wild birds, exposure to domestic and wild birds potentially infected with H5N1 should be avoided. The only documented cases of transmission to humans are from poultry; these cases include both highly pathogenic and low pathogenic strains of avian influenza. the present time, close contact with infected domestic poultry has been the primary way that people have become infected with the HPAI H5N1 virus.
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Alaska Science Center - Avian Influenza Research
The only documented cases of transmission to humans are from poultry; these cases include both highly pathogenic and low pathogenic strains of avian influenza. the present time, close contact with infected domestic poultry has been the primary way that people have become infected with the HPAI H5N1 virus.
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How does avian flu spread in humans?

Avian influenza : Frequently Asked Questions
It is believed that most cases of bird flu infection in humans have resulted from contact with infected poultry or contaminated surfaces. There is no evidence of human-to-human transmission so far.
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How does avian flu spread in birds?

Avian influenza : Frequently Asked Questions
Infected birds shed flu virus in their saliva, nasal secretions, and feces (droppings). Susceptible birds become infected when they have contact with contaminated excretions or surfaces that are contaminated with excretions.
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How does avian influenza spread among birds?

Bird Flu -- Frequently Asked Questions - ADHS
Infected birds shed influenza virus in their saliva, nasal secretions, and feces. Susceptible birds become infected when they have contact with contaminated excretions or with surfaces that are contaminated with excretions or secretions.
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How is the virus transmitted to humans?

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQS)
The virus is found in bird and poultry faeces and respiratory secretions. Most cases have contracted the virus directly from infected birds, although environmental contamination with the virus can also be a source of infection
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What is the risk to humans from the H5N1 virus in Asia and Europe?

Avian Flu Frequently Asked Questions
The H5N1 virus does not usually infect humans. In 1997. However, the first case of spread from a bird to a human was seen during an outbreak of bird flu in poultry in Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region. The virus caused severe respiratory illness in 18 people, 6 of whom died. Since that time, there have been other cases of H5N1 infection among humans.
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How is infection with H5N1 virus in humans treated?

Avian Flu Frequently Asked Questions
The H5N1 virus currently infecting birds in Asia that has caused human illness and death is resistant to amantadine and rimantadine, two antiviral medications commonly used for influenza. Two other antiviral medications, oseltamavir and zanamavir, would probably work to treat flu caused by the H5N1 virus, but additional studies still need to be done to prove their effectiveness.
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Is there a vaccine to protect humans from H5N1 virus?

Avian Flu Frequently Asked Questions
There currently is no commercially available vaccine to protect humans against the H5N1 virus that is being seen in Asia and Europe. However, vaccine development efforts are taking place. Research studies to test a vaccine to protect humans against H5N1 virus began in April 2005, and a series of clinical trials is underway. For more information about the H5N1 vaccine development process, visit the National Institutes of Health website.
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Are migratory birds carrying the virus from one country to another?

USGS National Wildlife Health Center - Avian Influenza - Fre...
The role of migratory birds in the transfer of the Asian H5N1 strain is not clear. H5N1 has been identified in an increasing number of wild birds. The pattern and timing of several outbreaks have not coincided with periods of major migratory movements or migratory routes. However, there are also reports of wild bird mortality that are associated with outbreaks of HPAI H5N1 in poultry.
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Can you get the West Nile Virus directly from birds?

Beaverton Public Works - Operating Division - West Nile Viru...
There is no evidence that a person can get the virus from handling live or dead infected birds. However, all dead animals, including birds, should be handled with care. Dead wild animals should not be handled without protective gloves. Any unexplained or sudden death of a crow or a raven should be treated with suspicion. If there are no signs that the bird died from trauma, please contact the Washington County Health Department at 503-846-8722, 503-846-4598 TTY.
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