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If a molar pregnancy has been diagnosed, do I need chemotherapy?

Gestational Trophoblastic Disease | Questions about Gynecolo...
Lola, Utah, USA: Regular hCG monitoring by blood and urine testing should be done until the levels have fallen back to negative or less than five, (<5 mIU/ml) for blood hCG results. If the hCGs go down to negative levels, chemotherapy is not usually necessary. Spontaneous regression of a molar pregnancy is not uncommon, but requires close monitoring and follow-up to unsure that hCG levels have gone to negative and stay less than five (<5 mIU/ml).
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How is a molar pregnancy diagnosed?

Molar Pregnancy, SVCMC; New York NY
If you have symptoms that suggest a molar pregnancy, your health professional will do some simple tests. A pelvic exam, a blood test of your pregnancy hormone (human chorionic gonadotropin, or hCG) levels, and a pelvic ultrasound can confirm whether you have a molar pregnancy.
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What is a "molar pregnancy"?

SPALS [FAQs]
A molar pregnancy is a rare condition where a tumor develops in place of the embryo. One of the early symptoms is being very large for dates in early pregnancy. Surgery is required to remove the growth and monthly check-ups for a year or more are needed to ensure the mole does not redevelop. Pregnancy is not recommended for 1 year after a molar pregnancy. Occurrence of a mole slightly increases future risk of uterine cancer.
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Molar Pregnancy, SVCMC; New York NY
A molar pregnancy is a mass of abnormal tissue (hydatidiform mole) that comes from the placenta inside the uterus, which triggers symptoms of pregnancy. About 1 out of 1,000 women with early pregnancy symptoms has a molar pregnancy.1 Complete molar pregnancy. In place of a normal placenta and embryo, the hydatidiform mole is abnormal placental tissue that grows into a grapelike cluster that can fill the uterus. Partial molar pregnancy. The placenta grows abnormally into molar tissue.
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How is ITP diagnosed during pregnancy?

ITP and Pregnancy FAQ
The diagnosis of ITP is often difficult and especially so during pregnancy because other causes of thrombocytopenia are more common and difficult to diagnose as well. ITP should be suspected any time during pregnancy when an isolated thrombocytopenia of less than 50,000 ppm is detected, especially during the first two trimesters. Depending on how low the platelet count drops and the symptoms, a physician may do tests that rule out other causes of low platelets.
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How is ectopic pregnancy diagnosed?

Laparoscopic Management of Ectopic Pregnancy
experienced doctor can diagnose ectopic by clinical examination. A tender mass may be felt during the pelvic examination. If an ectopic pregnancy is suspected, blood hormone tests, pelvic ultrasound, dilatation and curettage (D&C), and laparoscopy can be used to help confirm the diagnosis. Beta human chorionic gonadotropin (beta HCG) and progesterone, a series of blood samples are obtained. Beta HCG levels normally rise during pregnancy.
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What causes a molar pregnancy?

Molar Pregnancy, SVCMC; New York NY
Molar pregnancy is thought to be caused by a problem with the genetic information of an egg or sperm. A molar pregnancy can develop during the earliest stage of a pregnancy when: abnormal egg with no genetic information is fertilized by a sperm. The sperm's chromosomes duplicate and develop into a complete mole. A normal egg is fertilized by two sperm. This cell mass is most likely to develop into a partial mole. A diet low in carotene (a form of vitamin A).
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What are common symptoms of a molar pregnancy?

Molar Pregnancy, SVCMC; New York NY
A molar pregnancy triggers the same first-trimester symptoms that a normal pregnancy does (a missed menstrual period, breast tenderness, fatigue, increased urination, morning sickness). It may be diagnosed during an early ultrasound test.
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How is a molar pregnancy treated?

Molar Pregnancy, SVCMC; New York NY
If you are diagnosed with a molar pregnancy, you will need immediate treatment to remove all molar growth from your uterus. After your uterus is cleared of molar tissue, you will have periodic hCG blood tests to screen for signs of persistent cell growth (trophoblastic disease) in your uterus. These tests are done periodically for 6 to 12 months. In some cases, trophoblastic disease can develop into trophoblastic cancer.
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What are the symptoms of a molar pregnancy?

Charing Cross Hospital Trophoblast Disease Service
The symptoms of a molar pregnancy usually appear in the second or third month of pregnancy. The most common problems are bleeding or the loss of some browny-red fluid. Morning sickness and vomiting may be more severe than in a normal pregnancy. If let untreated a molar pregnancy may cause other problems as a large for dates uterus, high blood pressure and over activity of the thyroid gland. However these problems are rare as the diagnosis is generally made within the first 3 months of pregnancy.
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How is the diagnosis of molar pregnancy made?

Charing Cross Hospital Trophoblast Disease Service
The diagnosis of molar pregnancy is most commonly made after an abnormal ultrasound. The combination of a history of bleeding with the abnormal ultrasound is usually sufficient for a surgical evacuation to be performed. After the evacuation to confirm that the diagnosis is a molar pregnancy, some of the tissue is sent to the pathology laboratory for analysis.
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Is molar pregnancy a type of cancer?

Charing Cross Hospital Trophoblast Disease Service
If you have had a molar pregnancy, the majority of time the problem will disappear on its own and no further treatment is needed. A molar pregnancy on its own is not a form of cancer. For the approximately 10% of patients who have had a complete molar pregnancy and 1% of partial mole patients who go on to further treatment the situation is different.
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Can a molar pregnancy be prevented?

Molar Pregnancy Support & Information ? The complete res...
After a molar pregnancy many couples ask what they can do to minimise the chance of it happening again, or if there is anyway of screening for the problem earlier. The first thing to realise is that repeated molar pregnancies are rare. The chances of having a second molar pregnancy, in any subsequent pregnancy, is in the order of 1 in 80 and of these only 10% i.e. 1 in 800 need chemotherapy treatment.
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Having had a molar pregnancy what are the risks in any future pregnancy?

Charing Cross Hospital Trophoblast Disease Service
Women who have had one molar pregnancy do have an increased risk of developing another molar pregnancy when they are next pregnant. However this risk is still quite low, we would estimate it at around 1 in 80. Put more positively of the women who have had one molar pregnancy 79 out of 80 will not have a molar pregnancy next time they are pregnant.
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How does a molar pregnancy affect my fertility?

Molar Pregnancy, SVCMC; New York NY
A molar pregnancy typically triggers common signs of pregnancy—a missed menstrual period, breast tenderness, fatigue, increased urination, and morning sickness. Contact your health professional immediately if you have signs of pregnancy and develop any of the following during your first trimester: Vaginal bleeding (light or heavy). Light vaginal bleeding in the first trimester is common in a normal pregnancy. However, it may signal a molar pregnancy or a miscarriage.
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Why is it important that the diagnosis of molar pregnancy is correctly made?

Charing Cross Hospital Trophoblast Disease Service
There are a number of reasons why it is important that the diagnosis of molar pregnancy is correctly made. Molar pregnancies carry a risk of developing into persistent trophoblast disease which needs further treatment most commonly with chemotherapy. Overall the risk of needing this treatment is about 1 in 10 after a complete molar pregnancy and 1 in 100 after a partial molar pregnancy.
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What are the usual treatments for persistent trophoblast disease after a molar pregnancy?

Charing Cross Hospital Trophoblast Disease Service
There are three treatment possibilities for patients with persistent trophoblast disease after a molar pregnancy. The most frequent choice is to use chemotherapy treatment. This approach, whilst it sounds complicated, is usually very simple, generally has few side-effects, allows patients to retain their fertility and has a cure rate of over 99%. More details on the practicalities of chemotherapy are given in the section below.
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How it is diagnosed?

Laparoscopy Hospital - Frequently asked questions about lapa...
Several ways have been suggested to diminish the diagnostic error that occurs if diagnosis is based solely on the clinical picture of suspected appendicitis. In fact appendicitis is a disease, which can mimic most of the causes of abdominal pain as well as some of the chest diseases. Despite new x-ray techniques, CT scans and ultrasounds, the diagnosis of appendicitis can be quite challenging.
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Exquisite sensitivity of the tiny gland openings at the entrance of the vagina, to light touch with a cotton-tipped applicator, is the typical diagnostic feature of Vulvodynia. This is called the “touch test.” About two thirds of patients with Vulvodynia have visible, red tiny spots at these points. For the remainder of patients, a doctor may detect inflamed surface blood vessels with a colposcope, which is a magnifying instrument.
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Arthritis NSW | Education | Frequently Asked Questionsa abou...
Each year a large number of people visit their General Practitioner (GP) with symptoms such as back pain, neck pain, muscle pain or swollen and painful joints. Often, these symptoms are not severe and may last just a few days, in which case the GP will provide advice or treatment and allow the problem to resolve. But, if the pain persists or is severe, your GP may decide to refer you to a specialist in musculoskeletal diseases.
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Vanishing Twin Syndrome - Answers to Frequently Asked Questi...
Here's a typical scenario: A mother undergoes a routine ultrasound early in her pregnancy, for example at six or seven weeks gestation. Two fetuses are detected. The mother is told she is having twins. When the mother returns to the doctor six weeks later, only one heartbeat can be heard with a Doppler scan. Another ultrasound is performed. Only one fetus is identified.
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EndoFAQ
The only way a positive diagnosis of Endo can be made currently is via surgery, either a laparoscopy or the more invasive laparotomy, where biopsies are taken from suspected sites. It can also be visualized during surgery if the surgeon knows what to look for. Ultrasounds, MRIs, CT Scans and other diagnostic tests are not conclusive. The ERC does not support "medical diagnoses," such as administering GnRH therapy prior to a surgical diagnosis.
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Kidney cancer is usually diagnosed using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or ultrasound imaging, or by tissue biopsy. (Please see Kidney Cancer Diagnosis for more information.)
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How are allergies diagnosed?

Allergy Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
allergist or immunologist can diagnose your allergies using allergy skin tests, which show if your immune system reacts to specific allergens. You can also test your reactivity to common allergens using a home allergy test.
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How is CFS diagnosed?

GWVRP: Document Detail
When evaluating patients with chronic fatigue of unknown origin, physicians can use the following definition of CFS as a guide. This detailed definition was developed for research use under the leadership of the Centers for Disease Control. It was published in the "Annals of Internal Medicine" in March 1988. Because the disease is still poorly understood, however, the outlined criteria should be considered provisional.
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How is SAD diagnosed?

Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD), SVCMC; New York NY
A doctor will base his or her diagnosis of SAD on whether you have been depressed in the winter and recovered in the spring or summer for at least 2 years in a row. These dramatic mood swings in response to changes in seasons are what differentiate SAD from nonseasonal depression.
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How is Hyperhidrosis diagnosed?

Revita Medispa :: Frequently asked questions
A:The area of increased sweating is determined by a simple method. A weak solution of iodine is applied to the skin under the arms and then a dusting of powdered starch is applied over the iodine. This mixture will turn blue in the areas of excessive sweating allowing the physician to know where to inject the BOTOX®. These blue marks will be cleaned off after your treatment.
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