In 1983, Dr. Gail Smith from the University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine began to research and develop a scientific method for the early diagnosis of CHD. Multiple scientific disciplines - including biomechanics, orthopedics, clinical medicine, radiology, epidemiology and population genetics - have been incorporated during the development of PennHIP.

PennHIP (University of Pennsylvania Hip Improvement Program) is an organized collaborative effort consisting of the Veterinary School at the University of Pennsylvania (VHUP) and a worldwide network of nearly 1200 certified PennHIP-trained veterinarians from 24 countries. PennHIP's primary objective is to reduce the frequency and severity of hip dysplasia in all breeds of dogs.

Through a sophisticated biomechanical study, it was found that the hip is loosest when positioned in a neutral or "standing" orientation (also called the stance-phase of weight bearing). It was reasoned that this point is also the optimal patient position for measuring maximal hip joint laxity on a radiograph. Ironically, the standard hip-extended method was found to put the hip in one of its tightest configurations.

To obtain diagnostic radiographs, it is important that the patient and the surrounding musculature be completely relaxed. For the comfort and safety of the animal, this requires sedation and/or general anesthesia. Typically, three separate radiographs are made during an evaluation. The first is the compression view where the femurs are positioned in a neutral, stance-phase orientation and the femoral heads are pushed fully into the sockets.

PennHIP has studied the efficacy of this method from the eight weeks up to three years of age. The PennHIP method can be reliably performed on a dog as young as 16 weeks old. Passive hip laxity at 16 weeks correlates highly with later hip laxity. In other words, a dog's hip laxity at 16 weeks will be much the same at one year, two years or even three years. The accuracy of laxity measurements for German Shepherd Dogs less than 16 weeks of age is not high enough to be of clinical use.

technology advances, the veterinary professional community will offer and utilize improved methods of disease diagnosis. The dog breeding community will also endorse those methods that help them achieve their goals of reducing the frequency of hip dysplasia in dogs while maintaining other desirable traits and features. The PennHIP technology and research have been and will continue to be fully presented to the veterinary medical community for its review.

To obtain the name of a veterinarian in your area who is trained and certified to perform the PennHIP procedure, follow the link to find a certified PennHIP veterinarian. If there is not a veterinarian near you presently, additional veterinarians are currently being trained throughout the country.

In 1996, the AKC board of directors announced plans to remove all health and genetic information from the official AKC registration and to include it along with PennHIP information in the newly conceived "Information and Health Database". We have recently learned (July 1998) that the AKC plans to re-energize this initiative. We anxiously await progress from the AKC on this very important issue.

PennHIP was developed and tested following strict scientific protocol and the results of these studies have been, and continue to be, published in peer-reviewed scientific journals. More than a decade of research and analysis have produced a body of information in support of PennHIP's effectiveness. (As with all diagnostic tests, PennHIP's accuracy is not 100%, but in direct comparisons it is far superior to any other available diagnostic methods.

SBML originated out of a workshop on software platforms for systems biology held in the year 2000 with funding by the Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST). The original authors were Michael Hucka, Andrew Finney, Herbert Sauro and Hamid Bolouri, but SBML is now very much a community effort. Please see Section 8 for more details about the history of SBML. See Section 7 about how you can participate in SBML's evolution.

Explore all the courses offered by visiting our course catalogue or join our email list to hear about the latest course offerings. Botanicals and Women's Health 2 is in development. Note: Botanicals and Health: Foundations is a pre-requisite for all future botanicals courses.

NCS developed the NDAC because of heavy NS/EP reliance on the PSN. The NDAC works to model natural and man-made disruptions to the PSN and enables the NCS to perform vendor independent analyses, develop models and methodologies to identify vulnerabilities and congestion, identify critical infrastructures’ dependence on telecommunications, and identify network effectiveness solutions.

MoleMapCD technology was developed in conjunction with the Duke University Comprehensive Cancer Center in Durham, N.C. by Jim Grichnik, MD, PhD, a nationally-recognized melanoma researcher and clinician. Dr. Grichnik has used the technology at Duke for over 10 years.

Following the success of the Trienelle skincare line for aging skin, Dr. Wilkinson turned his attention to acne. Both of his children have acne in their late 20’s – having started back in their early teens. And, having tried most of the different OTC and prescription treatments, still struggled. with the Trienelle products, Dr. Wilkinson collaborated with Dr. Ron DiSalvo and Dr. Jeane Huang for the acne treatment system. Dr.

MetaL is not just yet another language. It is a meta-language which means that it can generate automatically programs in traditional languages, eventually for tasks that are tedious or take too much work to write code manually. Therefore, MetaL is not intended to be a competitor of traditional languages but rather a complement that can be used to increase the productivity of software developers.

The original essences, which were mostly made from flowers, were developed by Dr. Edward Bach (1886-1936), an English physician who gave up his busy practice to study and prepare the 38 flower essences (plus the 5-flower combination, Rescue Remedy) now known as Bach Flower Remedies or English Flower Essences. Dr. Bach was a physician and homeopath before discovering the energetic basis of illness and distress. He dedicated his life to creating this simple, effective, safe system of healing.

Very few people would be able to get vaccinated at first. If a pandemic occurs, federal, state and local governments will work with partner groups to make specific recommendations on the early use of vaccine. Current recommendations are to target limited vaccine supplies to people at high risk and healthcare workers.

The Closure technology and procedure were developed over a four year period by a team of medical engineers, in association with a Silicon Valley physician inventor with more than 125 patents.

SPECjAppServer2004 was developed by the Java subcommittee's core design team. BEA, Borland, Darmstadt University of Technology, HP, IBM, Intel, Oracle, Pramati, Sun and Sybase participated in design, implementation and testing phases of the product. SPECjAppServer2004 is not a refresh of the older SPECjAppServer (01,02) benchmarks. In addition to the EJB tier exercised in older SPECjAppServer benchmarks, SPECjAppServer2004 also extensively exercises the web tier and the messaging infrastructure.

CVSS was commissioned by the National Infrastructure Advisory Council (NIAC) tasked in support of the global Vulnerability Disclosure Framework. It is currently maintained by FIRST (Forum of Incident Response and Security Teams) http://www.first.org/. CVSS was a joint effort involving many groups including: Since the original release of CVSS, additional groups have joined the CVSS effort and assisted in developing version 2 of CVSS. The current list of major participants is available at www.

BetaCell? daily oral rinse was developed based on results of two clinical trial at a leading California Research Institute. The trials were based on the treatment of Oral Leukoplakia.

Nehemias Muñiz designed the first Lipoprint test. He was hired by Robert W. Ban, Ph.D., a biochemist and founder of Quantimetrix Corporation to further develop the basic principle into a viable test for the research community. The addition of a software program by Gebhard Neyer, Ph.D., of Quantimetrix has expanded the capabilities of Lipoprint to its present day configuration.

The development of Texas colonias dates back to at least the 1950s. Using agriculturally worthless land, land that lay in floodplains or other rural properties, developers created unincorporated subdivisions. They divided the land into small lots, put in little or no infrastructure, then sold them to low-income individuals seeking affordable housing. Colonia residents generally have very low incomes.

Work on INTRo was initiated by the SEI and LBMS Inc. LBMS was soon after acquired by Platinum technology Inc, and then in 1999, Platinum Technology Inc. was acquired by Computer Associates (CA). The original objectives were to identify specific technical issues in IT selection and deployment efforts, and to identify collaboration processes and technology to support distributed work.

GMT was created in 1988 by Paul Wessel and Walter H. F. Smith, and has undergone several revisions and major enhancements since then. The current version is 4.2.1. GMT is supported by the National Science Foundation.

Ubuntu is community developed. You can interact with the Ubuntu community including developers, translators and technical support activists through our mailing lists and IRC channels: There are several mailing lists that you can join. Some of these receive very high traffic so you may prefer to use a web forum.