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Frequently Asked Questions

Can I use frozen semen for vaginal insemination instead of surgical?

Welcome to the Straws to Paws, LLC Website!
Unlike fresh semen, which can live in the reproductive tract of a bitch for 5-7 days, frozen semen will only live 12-20 hours once thawed. It must preserve all it's energy to penetrate and fertilize the eggs, so the best conception rates (90% in our practice) are achieved with surgical insemination, where the semen is injected directly into the uterine horn. Since vaginal insemination has statistically low conception rates (under 20%), we do not suggest using your valuable semen in this fashion.
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Why use frozen semen?

Welcome to the Straws to Paws, LLC Website!
Import/exporting dogs from distant gene pools (International breeding) allows access to a wider, more varied gene pool. Bringing back successful Breed/Performance dogs who are no longer alive, or long past their breeding life Preserving genetic selection. Dipping back into a gene pool before a particular genetic defect became apparent in a breeding line.
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What are the surgical risks for Laser Vaginal Rejuvenation?

FAQ FAQ LVR Denver Laser Vaginal Rejuvenation Institute of D...
Laser Vaginal Rejuvenation® is a safe procedure with low risk. To put the risk in perspective, pregnancy is associated with far more risk than any of these procedures. As with any surgery the risks are hemorrhage and infection. These risks are less than 1%. If one requires work on both the upper and lower vagina then there is risk of injury to the bladder and the rectum.
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What kind of litter size can I expect from a surgical insemination?

Welcome to the Straws to Paws, LLC Website!
Quality of the semen and timing of the bitch are key elements for success with using frozen semen. The largest litter we have had from a frozen semen insemination was a litter of 13 Irish Wolfhound puppies from semen that was frozen 10 years ago!
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What kind of surgical availability is necessary for vaginal birth after cesarean (V.B.A.C.)?

MCH Frequently Asked Questions
V.B.A.C. should be attempted in institutions equipped to respond with physicians immediately available to provide emergency delivery. (WORD 64 k)
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What do I need to know about equine artificial insemination and breeding with transported semen?

NZERF
Today's breeding technology provides owners with more options than were available in the past...>>more
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What do I need to know about equine artifical insemination and breeding with transported semen?

NZERF
Today's breeding technology provides horse owners with more options than were available in the past. Artificial insemination and semen preservation techniques make it possible to ship stallion semen to mares nearly anywhere in the country. Success with transported semen will depend on the careful reproductive management of both stallion and mare. Only three registries do not currently allow AI: Thoroughbred, Miniature Horse, and Standard Jack and Jennet Registry.
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Can I re- use the home insemination kit supplies?

Artificial Insemination Sperm Donor Egg Donation Fertility M...
Once used, these supplies could harbor bacterial growth and contaminate or affect any specimens used with the same supplies at a later time. Order one set per specimen.
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How many straws should you use for one insemination?

Welcome to the Straws to Paws, LLC Website!
The number of straws required per insemination is determined by thawing a straw and rating its post thaw motility. For a frozen semen breeding you want to have a minimum of 100 million motile sperm per insemination. Each straw holds 50 million sperm but not all of them will survive the freezing process, hence the evaluation of "post thaw motility". The higher the percent post thaw motility the fewer straws are required.
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what age can a dog have semen collected and frozen?

Welcome to the Straws to Paws, LLC Website!
The younger the dog the better the semen quality! Any time after 10 months of age we can collect semen and freeze the sample.
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What about Frozen Semen Litters?

American Kennel Club - Frequently Used Sires Requirement FAQ...
Any dog collected for frozen or fresh-extended semen use after October 1, 1998, must be AKC DNA Profiled (Click here for more information). Litters produced by frozen semen count towards qualifying a dog as a Frequently Used Sire. However, if the semen was collected before October 1, 1998, a DNA Profile is not required.
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Intimate Rejuvenation and Innovative Surgery Center : Freque...
Laser Vaginal Rejuvenation® is a safe procedure with low risk. To put the risk in perspective, pregnancy is associated with far more risk than any of these procedures. Like any surgery the risks are hemorrhage and infection. These are less than 1%. If one requires work on both the upper and lower vagina then there is risk of injury to the bladder and the rectum. This is exceptionally rare and in many years of our surgical experience we have not encountered any of these complications.
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Laser Vaginal Rejuvenation Vagina Relaxation Reduction Weak ...
Laser Vaginal Rejuvenation? is a safe procedure with low risk. To put the risk in perspective, pregnancy is associated with far more risk than any of these procedures. Like any surgery the risks are hemorrhage and infection. These are less than 1%. If one requires work on both the upper and lower vagina then there is risk of injury to the bladder and the rectum. This is exceptionally rare and in many years of our surgical experience we have not encountered any of these complications.
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Laser Vaginal Rejuvenation Institute of Greenwich
Laser vaginal rejuvenation is a safe procedure with very low risk. The surgical risk for excessive bleeding and infection, as well as adverse reactions to anesthetics, is less than 1%. If one requires surgery on both the upper and lower walls of the vagina, there is a potential risk of injury to the bladder and the rectum. To keep this in perspective, this occurrence is exceedingly rare.
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Orlando Laser Vaginal Rejuvenation
Laser Vaginal Rejuvenation is a safe procedure with low risk. To put the risk in perspective, pregnancy is associated with far more risk than any of these procedures. Like any surgery the risks are hemorrhage and infection. These are less than 1%. If one requires work on both the upper and lower vagina then there is risk of injury to the bladder and the rectum. This is exceptionally rare and in many years of our surgical experience we have not encountered any of these complications.
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How do I transfer Frozen Semen to someone else?

American Kennel Club - Registration Requirements
Answer: The transfer of Frozen Semen must be done at the facility that the semen is stored. We do require that all sire owners sign consenting to the transfer. The facility will notify AKC once the transfer has been completed on their records.
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Mare Owners: Q. What kind of results can I expect with frozen semen?

Euroreining
Although some stallions have similar results with frozen and fresh semen, AI with frozen semen, from most stallions, results in slightly lower fertility per cycle than similar inseminations with unfrozen semen. When stallions are selected for AI programs based on post-thaw semen quality, and mare management is controlled, per cycle pregnancy rates of 40 - 50% can be expected on average. This compares to 50 - 60% for cooled semen and 60 - 70% for immediately inseminated fresh semen.
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Stallion Owners: Q. Are all stallions good candidates for frozen semen?

Euroreining
Not all stallions can be frozen successfully. Based on studies conducted in Europe and experience of Select Breeders Service approximately 30% of all stallions produce sperm which are unable to withstand the stresses of freezing and thawing using current technology.
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Stallion Owners: Q. What kind of results can I expect with frozen semen?

Euroreining
Although some stallions have similar results with frozen and fresh semen, AI with frozen semen, from most stallions, results in slightly lower fertility per cycle than similar inseminations with unfrozen semen. When stallions are selected for AI programs based on post-thaw semen quality, and mare management is controlled, per cycle pregnancy rates of 40 - 50% can be expected on average. This compares to 50 - 60% for cooled semen and 60 - 70% for immediately inseminated fresh semen.
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Stallion Owners: Q. How many doses of frozen semen will my stallion produce from a collection?

Euroreining
The average stallion provides sufficient sperm on an every other day collection schedule to produce 12-15 doses of frozen semen. Depending on sperm production of the individual this number may vary from 2-40 doses per collection. Typically 2-3 doses are used per estrous cycle, therefore each collection provides enough frozen semen to inseminate through 5-6 cycles.
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Stallion Owners: Q. How long will the frozen semen be good for?

Euroreining
If stored properly frozen semen can maintain viability for many years. Frozen semen is stored immersed in liquid nitrogen at -197?C (-320?F). At this temperature, metabolism is virtually halted. No one knows the ultimate lifespan of properly stored frozen equine semen. However, Select Breeders Service, Inc. has achieved pregnancies with semen frozen for more than 8 years.
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Do you do AI (Artifical Insemination) or ship semen?

Breezeway Farm of Charlottesville, Virginia FAQ
Breezeway Farm welcomes mare-owners who are new to this breeding business. Don't be intimidated. We were all new at it once upon a time. We are a small breeding farm and stand only one stallion at the present time. We try to limit our outside mares so that each one gets enough special attention from us - and from Medicine Man ! -- to assure that she gets in foal. Feel free to ask questions and to come by to inspect our facility.
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What are the ANKC Semen Procedures (if I breed using artificial insemination methods) ?

GSDCA - FAQ's and Information
The acronym ANKC stands for the Australian National Kennel Council. The ANKC comprises all the Australian states/territories Kennel Controls. All Kennel Control canine matters and systems are developed and standardised under the auspices of the ANKC. As part of that Council, the states/territories have agreed to a common system of procedures to ensure correct and verified use of semen when breeding using methods of artificial insemination, for registration of dogs in Australia.
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Question #8: Why non-surgical sterilization instead of spay/neuter?

Alliance for Contraception in Cats and Dogs - FAQ
Answer: Surgical sterilization (spay/neuter), requires technical expertise, equipment, and time and can only be provided by a licensed veterinarians. In many parts of the world, including parts of the US, veterinarians are not available for widespread, low-cost surgery. In addition, dogs and cats need time and a place to recover from surgery, which can present a challenge.
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Mare Owners: Q. Is it true that frozen semen doesn't live long in the mare compared to fresh semen?

Euroreining
This is a common belief of many veterinarians and breeders. The fact is that no one really knows what the life span of frozen vs fresh semen is. The types of damage that can occur to sperm membranes during the freezing and thawing process theoretically could reduce the time of survival in the mare's reproductive tract.
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I am thinking of putting my mare to HBD using frozen semen - which vet/clinic should I use?

Blackington Stud
There are lists of BEVA approved vets on the BEVA website and the BEF has a list of studs which are inspected and approved to high quality standards. It is important to be confident that whoever you use has the necessary experience and equipment to ensure your money is well spent. Ask them for their statistical success rates and their length of experience/professional qualifications.
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