A#9.1: Strictly speaking, all you need is a C compiler (since UNIX source tends to be in C). However, there are a few programs that can be considered "essentials" for doing ports. All of these are mentioned in the section on "Compiling": ORCA/C, occ, dmake A#9.2: The first thing to watch for is known compiler and library bugs. Soenke Behrens maintains the current ORCA/C bug report list. You should keep the contents of this list in mind when examining the target source code.

GNO stuff can also be found in other directories on these sites. The three primary general-purpose sites are: ftp://apple2.caltech.edu/Zocalo/pub/apple2/shellprogs ftp://ground.isca.uiowa.edu/apple2/apple16/gno ftp://ftp.gno.org/pub/apple2 Trenco (trenco.gno.org or ftp ftp.gno.org) is the master site for GNO development as of August 1997. See Q#1.7. See the comp.sys.apple2 FAQ for other Apple II ftp sites.

A#4.3: Perhaps you could use the FTP-by-mail service. Send mail to ftpmail@decwrl.dec.com with the subject line of "help" and no body for information. Another alternative is to use the WWW to access those sites. WWW access information is available in the comp.sys.apple2 FAQ (see Q#1.7).

A#2.1: GNO contains components that originate with a variety of flavors of UNIX. These include 4.3BSD, XINU, and SYSV. It is mostly BSD. As of GNO v2.0.6, GNO has become closer to 4.4BSD. Work is in progress to make it as compliant as possible to POSIX 1003.1 and POSIX 1003.2.

A#4.1: Lots of free utilities that bring some of the power of UNIX systems to the IIGS. In addition to getting the utility executable files, you get the source for many of these. These programs have been provided by various authors.

For most applications Linux source code is compatible with other Unix systems. It supports almost everything that is available in System V Unix systems and the free and commercial BSD-derived systems. However in the Unix business such claim has nearly no value because there is no way to prove it. In the software development area complete compatibility is required instead of compatibility in "about most" cases. So years ago the need for standards arose, and nowadays POSIX.

Not yet... but I am working on making the softare public domain, and building a Mac OS X version which may be out in March 2005. The Simulator is not 100% bug free (especially when viewing Saturn very zoomed in or in certain geometries). Try again from a slightly different viewpoint or field of view. There is a bug list that gets worked on every couple of months.

The source code of the Hello world! program written in Metal and the generate code in the target languages PHP and Java. A template document definition written in MetaL for generating class documentation independent of the target format.

A shell that takes full advantage of the multitasking provided (i.e., job control), and 'regular expressions', and a simple programming language. A powerful programming environment. All the calls needed to control processes, support Inter-Process Communication (IPC), and other tools necessary to support multitasking are available to the programmer. The first completely consistent method for accessing serial and console I/O on the Apple II.

A#1.2: GNO was developed by Procyon Enterprises (Jawaid Bazyar, prop.). Until August 1997, GNO was a commercial product. In August 1997, Jawaid changed GNO's status to that of freeware. Procyon still retains the copyright on the kernel, gsh, and other components which were written by or for Procyon. GNO IS NOT PUBLIC DOMAIN.

A: The entire source code to Dink Smallwood (the game, not the engine) is included. If you copied everything from your CD's "develop" dir, then you'll notice a ZIP file called source.zip in your main Dink dir. It has all the .C source files for Dink. Many of them, just as enemy scripts & weapon scripts, are totally easy to use in your own D-Mod! Make a directory under your main Dink directory called SOURCE and unzip this file into it.

The source code for a Java program is also known as a compilation unit, which contains the code for a top level Java class or interface. A Java compilation unit is usually created in the form of a file with a .java extension and is passed to the compiler as a file path reference. The Java source file naming convention is not a standard specified by the Java language but is a common feature of Java compilers, such as javac, to help locate source code.

Yes, it is possible to port the PERC virtual machine yourself with a source code license. Another possibility that may better fit your needs is to have Aonix' Professional Services port the PERC virtual machine to your desired platform. They have a wealth of experience, and have access to extensive compatibility and regression test suites, some of which have been licensed from third parties.

Source code is included for everything in the Debian system. Moreover, the license terms of most programs in the system require that source code be distributed along with the programs, or that an offer to provide the source code accompany the programs. The source code is distributed in the pool directory (see What's in the pool directory?, Section 5.10) together with all the architecture-specific binary directories.

A#1.3: The currently released version is v2.0.4. The version currently under development is v2.0.6. v2.0.5 never had a general release, and is not available. For those programmers using ORCA/C v2.1.x, there was a update made available (for both GNO v2.0.4 and GNO v2.0.6 users) on 22 Dec 97. It consists of updated headers, libraries, and manual pages. It is available at the following site: ftp://ftp.gno.org/pub/apple2/gs.specific/gno/base206

A#1.4: The GNO documentation specifies that the minimum requirement is an Apple IIGS with 1.25 MB of memory and a 3.5" disk drive. Realistically (especially with all the third-party add-ons), a hard drive (or other large mass storage device) should be considered a necessity. An accelerator and additional memory is recommended. There is not an official "minimum disk space" requirement as yet. When this information becomes available, it will be added to this FAQ.

A#1.6: For the most part, the only support available is that given by GNO developers in the Apple II community. In other words, what you get is what you get. Often a polite question posted to comp.sys.apple2.gno will result in a helpful response. Procyon still offers limited support for people who purchased GNO prior to August 1997. No support is available from Procyon for those who obtained GNO after it changed to freeware status.

A#2.4: In most cases, yes. However, GNO doesn't currently allow more than one desktop program to run concurrently. It does allow you to run multiple text applications with or without a desktop application, to the limits of your available memory. There is a program (also available from Procyon), called Switch-It!, that allows one two switch between running desktop programs. It is not multitasking (in that only the currently displayed desktop program is actually running), nor does it require GNO.

A#3.1: GNO/ME Overview Kernel Reference Manual Shell (gsh) User's Manual Manual Pages (some printed, all online) Online versions of these documents are also available. See Q#1.5.

A#3.2: The GNO Overview has quite a complete reading list for users and programmers, and it is too long to go into detail here. However, in general, the references are broken down into the following categories: - UNIX reference books. - C reference books. - Editor reference books. - Apple IIgs Programming References The following list, should also be considered "must have" for any serious programming: - The ORCA/C and/or ORCA/M manuals, as appropriate.

A#5.3: Anything you add to your GNO installation beyond what is in the base installation should go into the /usr/local hierarchy. This will facilitate future updates, in that you will only have to replace those directories used by the GNO base distribution, and your customized files will not be overwritten. There are some exceptions to this. For example, /etc/passwd, /etc/namespace, and a few other files that have to be customized do not and will not reside in the /usr/local hierarchy.

A#7.1: GUPP (Grand Unified Patch Program by Nathan Mates) is recommended for fixing memory-trashing bugs present in GNO kernel versions v2.0.4 and v2.0.6-beta. GUPP also does other patches that may be applicable to programs running under GNO. GUPP will not touch kernels earlier than v2.0.4 even though those bugs probably exist in earlier versions of the kernel. GUPP is available from the ground and caltech sites, and also at ftp://ftp.visi.com/users/nathan/a2software/gupp.shk. See also Q#14.4.

popular ones that are compatible with GNO. If you are programming in C, it is highly recommended that you purchase "Splat!", written by Michael Hackett of Some Assembly Required. This is also available from Procyon. See also Q#13.2. If you are programming in assembly, it is recommended that you install GSBug. This comes bundled with ORCA/M and is also available for download from the Apple Inc dts ftp site. GSBug has many add-on packages used to increase its functionality.

Absolutely not. In order to protect our customer's investments in our software, we have a very strict policy about releasing the source code.

No. Although the cross compiler can cross-compile a .NET DLL to a Java EE JAR successfully, you will likely need to perform a few source code changes to complete your port successfully.

If your operating system is from Sun or HP examine the Makefile and make any changes indicated inside. Copy the sample configuration file (junkbstr.ini, previously called sconfig.txt and other names in earlier releases) to some convenient place such as /usr/local/lib/junkbuster/configfile or whatever you choose. The sample file has all the options commented out. You can remove the # character on any that you want, but it may be better to leave this until later.

A#2.2: No. GNO with a shell (such as gsh) is intended to be a replacement for ORCA/Shell. Similarly, one cannot run GNO from ORCA/Shell. However, you can still use the various ORCA languages and (the majority of) utilities from GNO. See the sections on "Programs" and "Compiling", below.

A#2.3: Yes. GNO is completely compatible with the SecondSight card. However, GNO's console driver currently does not support the SecondSight card's VGA specific text modes. A SecondSight aware console driver is planned as a future enhancement.