Answer: Yes if there is a metal pan under the lightweight concrete it must be a vented pan. Then the fleece back membrane can be adhered to the lightweight concrete with Solvent Based Fleece Back Bonding Adhesive. The contractor / building owner rep is responsible to ensure that the lightweight concrete is smooth, dry, and appropriate to adhere the membrane to.

A deck membrane is ideal for sundecks, patios, balconies, roofdecks, boathouses and garage decks, and is particularly useful for decks situated near the ocean where salt water can cause havoc with wood or concrete.

No, tile installation is not recommended over gypsum products. The moisture in the setting materials will deteriorate the gypsum cement.

Lightweight concrete is purchased from LCM and all technology and know how will be transfer to any parties willing to be train in the field of lightweight concrete installation. Those interested will have access to a LCM Foam Generator and all methods of applications. These people purchase their liquid foam concentrates directly from LCM.

The pre-formed foam is added to the cement slurry and mixed in the concrete mixer or in a continuous process. >From that point, lightweight concrete is placed in any way that a fluid mix can be transported. Pumping is the most common method of placement. Tailgate ready mix truck delivery, bucket cranes, wheelbarrows, hand carried buckets and any other acceptable method of delivering a fluid mix works well.

The cement and water slurry should be mixed until there are no dry clumps or balls of cement. The pre-formed foam mixture is then added into the mixture. The foam mixes quite rapidly into the slurry and only requires modest mixing times depending upon the mixing equipment.

Lightweight concrete is a very easily pumped, highly fluid mixture. The bulk of lightweight concrete is placed by pumping. Lightweight concrete typically will move through the pump lines using less pressure than typical heavier grout mixes

Most lightweight concrete is left to self-seek a level and not surface "finished" in the traditional sense. Much lightweight concrete is covered by another material. A floor overlayment type smoother tool can be used simply to break the surface air cells and create a more uniform and polished look to the surface in the rare case when a more uniform surface appearance is desired.

No. Our cast limestone is made using real limestone and is similar to the weight of natural stone. This should be taken into consideration when ordering and planning off loading of your mantel.

It is not recommended to install tile over gypsum products. The moisture in the setting materials has a tendency to deteriorate the gypsum cement.

Lightweight concrete may be produce with any type of portland cement or portland cement & fly ash mixture. The performance characteristics of type II, type III and specialty cements carry forward into the performance of the lightweight concrete.

I am well aware that this is a big concern for many people. My background (my past life) was warehouse management and production scheduling. Even though I now have a small shop with only a few employees, I am diligent and strict with keeping each fleece labeled and separate. Every incoming order has a work order written up for each fleece or batch. This paper work has all information for the fiber and of the owner and it stays with the fleece thru the entire process.

Skirting is removing all of the undesirable pieces from your raw fleece. This would be matted or felted parts, dung tags, second cuts, coarser fibers, hoof trimmings, stickers, vegetable material and any foreign objects. Even purchased fleeces should be closely checked for these items. I will be pulling out any items that will harm my machines but I prefer not to skirt the fleeces. This is too subjective and each person has a different comfort level and/or application for their wool.

Vegetable matter (VM) in your fleece is a controversial and much discussed topic. I cannot process fiber with too much VM contamination. Most of the VM will come out of the fiber during carding but it is just being deposited into my machines. It may take me 3 hours to card your fleece but then another hour to clean my machines. It is just not worth it to any of us. You can always hand pick your fleeces. We do not do this service. As you will find, it is very tedious, filthy and time consuming.

In the lower density ranges lightweight concrete does not develop the compressive strength of plain concrete. While this may be a disadvantage in plain concrete applications, it is an advantage in a lightweight concrete application. It should be considered that lightweight concrete and plain concrete are typically used for different types of applications. Each form of concrete exhibits a unique family of performance characteristics. Each should be utilized in the appropriate type of project.

A typical concrete structure project will be much less expensive cubic meter to cubic meter when compared to plain concrete due to labor savings, less cost of forming works, less steelworks, eliminate brickworks, cement renderings work and the price savings is very substantial when compare to conventional methods. We should note that lightweight concrete is seldom ever used in an application where plain concrete would be applicable.

Once again, similar in scope to the above question regarding marine float applications, lightweight concrete could be used for the fill in a concrete canoe but should probably be encased in a waterproof membrane

Generally walls will require 3000 psi concrete or as specified by your engineer or code. Maximum aggregate size is 3/4" and placed at a 5-6" slump.

Concrete can be placed using any one of several methods: concrete pump, conveyer belt, crane and bucket or by a chute directly from the truck. A boom pump is far and away the easiest method using a 3" or 2.5" reducer in the hose to reduce the concrete velocity. Question: What kind of vibrator should be used? An electric vibrator with a 1-inch to 1.25 inch head and a 12-14 foot shaft.

There is an excellent guide from Concrete Construction magazine that answers that. Click here to view.

Certain floors are made specifically for concrete sub floor installation. You may either glue down the flooring directly to the sub floor or use a floating floor installation. Just make sure the manufacturer of that flooring recommends the specific installation method you use.

Lightweight concrete is compatible with common concrete construction admixtures; however, most common admixtures are added to plain concrete to effect a change in the characteristics of the concrete that are not applicable to lightweight concrete application performance. As an example, lightweight concrete needs no air entrainment or finishing aids; however, color admixtures and strength enhancing admixtures work well if they are applicable to the project.

Lightweight concrete may also contain normal or lightweight, fine and/or coarse aggregates. The rigid foam air cell system differs from conventional aggregate concrete in the methods of production and in the more extensive range of end uses. Lightweight concrete may be either cast-in-place or pre-cast. Lightweight concrete mix designs in general are designed to create a product with a low density and resultant relatively lower compressive strength (when compared to plain concrete).

Fly ash added to the cement does not adversely affect the basic hardened state of lightweight concrete. Infusing and supporting the lightweight concrete with the air cell system is a mechanical action and is not problematic with fly ash or admixture concrete chemistry. Note that some fly ash mixes may take longer to set than pure portland cement applications. Mixes with large percentages of fly ash may take an very extended time to set up.

Not with well engineered liquid foam concentrates. The pre-formed foam lightweight concrete products made from top quality LCM liquid foam concentrates do not collapse. Air cell stability is the mark of a superior foam concentrate and foam generator combination. Which is not to say that all lightweight concrete products are stable. Particular care should be taken to test foams from water pressure type foam generators, and gas-off chemical products.

the lower densities, lightweight concrete will float, and in many cases float indefinitely. Because of its limited impact and abrasion resistance, lightweight concrete used for marine flotation should be encased and used for the fill of a float. For example, a superior marine float could be made with sealed 55-gallon drums full of low-density lightweight concrete.

Test procedures for lightweight concrete are beyond the scope of this short document; however, lightweight concrete LCM representatives will be happy to assist you in the actual testing or furnishing descriptions of common tests. Properties commonly tested are for its compressive strength The majority of regular concrete produced is in the density range of 2400 kg permeter cube.

You can bake all dough products directly on the deck. Other foods must either be cooked on a sizzle platter, pannini plate or in a ceramic pot.

Most breeders shear their alpacas annually. Alpacas are usually sheared with electric sheering equipment, however some breeders prefer hand shearing because of the density of the fiber. An annual yield of fiber is approximately six pounds from a female and more than ten pounds from a male. The first clipping from a young alpaca is very valuable, as it is very fine and has a lustrous feel. There are approximately 22 shades of alpaca fiber and it can be made into many different garments.