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Frequently Asked Questions

Can I use threads with GNU/Linux?

The linux-kernel mailing list FAQ
REG) Yes! The Linux kernel has the clone(2) system call, which provides the underlying mechanism for implementing a threads library. And Xavier Leroy has provided us with LinuxThreads, a POSIX 1003b implementation of threads for the Linux kernel. If you have a libc 5 system, you'll need to install LinuxThreads if it is not already installed. You can get the LinuxThreads library here. If you have a libc 6 (aka glibc 2) system, you shouldn't need to do anything. Glibc has LinuxThreads merged in.
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What is Debian GNU/Linux?

The Debian GNU/Linux FAQ - Debian??LFS??Gentoo?????? - Linux...
Debian GNU/Linux is a particular distribution of the Linux operating system, and numerous packages that run on it. In principle, users could obtain the Linux kernel via the Internet or from elsewhere, and compile it themselves. They could then obtain source code for many applications in the same way, compile the programs, then install them into their systems. For complicated programs, this process can be not only time-consuming but error-prone.
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What is missing from Debian GNU/Linux?

The Debian GNU/Linux FAQ - Debian??LFS??Gentoo?????? - Linux...
A list of packages which are still needed to be packaged for Debian exists, the Work-Needing and Prospective Packages list. For more details about adding the missing things, see How can I become a Debian software developer?, Section 12.1. Debian Policy requires that such symbolic links (to libfoo.so.x.y.z or similar) are placed in separate, development packages. Those packages are usually named libfoo-dev or libfooX-dev (presuming the library package is named libfooX, and X is a whole number).
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Why do you use "GNU/Linux" sometimes and just "Linux" in other parts of the FAQ?

The linux-kernel mailing list FAQ
ADB) In this FAQ, we have tried to use the word "Linux" or the expression "Linux kernel" to designate the kernel, and GNU/Linux to designate the entire body of GNU/GPL'ed OS software, as found in the various distributions. We prefer to call a cat, a cat, and a GNU, a GNU. ;-) The purpose of the FAQ is to provide information on the Linux kernel and avoid debates on e.g. semantics issues. Further discussion of the relationship between GNU software and Linux can be found at http://www.gnu.
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Why GNU/Linux ?

The PROTUX Digital Media Workstation- Official Website
Protux is written using state-of-art plataform independent code (Java) yet preserving the performance using very sophisticated optimization techniques. That means you can run Protux in any plataform you want, as long it provides a Java VM. But it is import to assert that we keep GNU/Linux as the target plataform, yet we offer support only for GNU/Linux users.
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Linux
GNU/Linux is a Unix-like Free Software operating system, with roots stretching back over 35 years. The heart of the system is the Linux kernel itself, begun by Linus Torvalds in 1991. Additional software, much of it from the GNU Project provides the actual softare used. The combination of the kernel plus applications layer is often called "GNU/Linux", and I do so in this guide.
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How can I use the Gnu development environment?

The umich.umce.login FAQ List
If you would like to use Gnu utilities for compiling, and for general environment feel, you can do it. Start by adding the following line to the end of your .cshrc file: This should set you up to use all of the gnu utilities rather than the Sun-supplied complements. Please be aware that /usr/um/gnu/bin also contains replacements for commonly used Unix utilities such as find, ls, and grep.
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What is the "best" CPU for GNU/Linux?

The linux-kernel mailing list FAQ
REW) There is no "best" CPU. The choice of CPU always depends on your price/performance/technical requirements. On the x86 side, we have Intel, AMD, Cyrix and IDT/Centaur, with various models available. All of these work. Besides the x86 processors, the Linux kernel runs on 68k processors, MIPS R3000 and R4000, Power PC, ARM, Alpha and Sparc processors. There are lots of different ways to build a computer around a processor. If you have an x86, they built a PC around it.
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What is the fastest CPU for GNU/Linux?

The linux-kernel mailing list FAQ
REW, ADB) The CPU field is very active in terms of technological developments. New CPU models, new architectures, new manufacturing technologies keep pushing the state of the art. WRT GNU/Linux, it is a general consensus that Alpha machines usually provide the best floating point performance, when the actually shipping hardware available at any given point in time is compared (June 1998: the 21164/600). However for non floating point applications the issue is not as clear-cut.
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Can GNU/Linux machines be clustered?

The linux-kernel mailing list FAQ
REG) Different people mean different things when they talk about clustering. Some people want transparent fault tolerance and load balancing of general applications, others want parallel processing of a single job. Most people who talk about fault tolerance expect hardware and OS support of this (if a node goes down, the OS will automatically migrate the application to another node). This is not (yet) available for Linux.
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On what hardware architectures/systems does Debian GNU/Linux run?

The Debian GNU/Linux FAQ - Debian??LFS??Gentoo?????? - Linux...
Debian GNU/Linux includes complete source-code for all of the included programs, so it should work on all systems which are supported by the Linux kernel; see the Linux FAQ for details. The current Debian GNU/Linux release, 3.
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What types of applications and development software are available for Debian GNU/Linux?

The Debian GNU/Linux FAQ - Debian??LFS??Gentoo?????? - Linux...
the major GNU applications for software development, file manipulation, and text processing, including gcc, g++, make, texinfo, Emacs, the Bash shell and numerous upgraded Unix utilities, the X Window System, which provides a networked graphical user interface for Linux, and countless X applications including GNOME and KDE as well as the GIMP GNU Image Manipulation Program, a full suite of networking applications, including servers for Internet protocols such as HTTP (WWW), FTP, NNTP (news), SMT.
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What's the difference between GNU/Linux and Linux?

BossBattle.net :: FAQ
In common use of the terms, there is no difference. Although the operating system is now commonly called just Linux, it started out as the GNU project, aimed to create a Free Software operating system. This system adopted a kernel (the core of the operating system, one might say, which deals with communication between software and hardware) called Linux, created by Linus Torvalds.
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edit] What if I want to use some software that is not part of my GNU/Linux distribution?

Switching to GNU/Linux FAQ - BinaryFreedom.INFO
it is still in its early stages of development, and will be included with your distribtion at a later time. it is proprietary or restriced by software patents. In this case, your distribution might already contain a free alternative. Some software packages come with an interactive installer, similar to a "setup.exe" on Windows, that you can download and run. (After downloading, you might have to set "Execute" permissions in the file properties dialog to allow it to run.
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What is your favorite GNU/Linux distribution ?

Easter-Eggs.org
Our favorite distribution is Debian GNU/Linux. We think it is the most reliable, the most complete, and the most suited to remote administration. Its strength and originality is to be developed by several hundreds of volunteers spread around the world, rather than by a single company. All our servers (as well as our clients’ unless they are against it) run Debian GNU/Linux. Our employees are free to use their favorite distribution, only it always ends up being Debian GNU/Linux.
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What's missing from Debian GNU/Linux?

The Debian GNU/Linux FAQ: Software Available in the Debian s...
A list of packages which are most urgently needed for the Debian distribution is maintained by Sven Rudolph. For more details, see the section on contributing to the Debian project.
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The Debian GNU/Linux FAQ: Software available in the Debian s...
A list of packages which are most urgently needed for Debian is maintained by Sven Rudolph. For more details, see the section on contributing to the Debian project.
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Which GNU/Linux distribution should I choose?

Los Alamos Computers: High-Performance Linux Computing
It depends on your experience and on what your intentions are for your new system. All distributions can be made to behave essentially the same, for they all use the same kernel (Linux) and much of the same software (e.g. GNU programs, X.org, etc.). Differences between distributions appear in such places as installation method, general system configuration (configuration programs and location of configuration files), and software installation and software package management.
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Will you install more than one GNU/Linux distribution in my computer?

Los Alamos Computers: High-Performance Linux Computing
Yes. There is no installation fee for the first distribution in any system. For each additional distribution, we charge a $50.00 installation fee (i.e. installing 2 distributions is $50, installing 3 distributions is $100, etc.).
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Why doesn't the X Window System use GNU's autoconf?

Cygwin/X Frequently Asked Questions
The X Window System does not use autoconf because autoconf was not available when the X Window System was started in 1984.
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What if I want to use Gnu utilities instead of SysV?

The umich.umce.login FAQ List
If you would like to use Gnu utilities for compiling, and for general environment feel, you can do it. Just add the following line to your .cshrc file:
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Why should I pay for Sharif Linux? Shouldn't GNU/Linux be free?

Frequently Asked Questions - FarsiWeb
You don't need to pay for Sharif Linux. You can get a copy of the CDs from a friend or a collegue, if he will give it to you for no money. The two meanings of the English word "free" should not be confused. When someone says that GNU/Linux is free, it means thay you have some level of freedom in copying and modifying it. It doesn't mean that FarsiWeb may not sell the operating system, or that FarsiWeb may not charge for the services it provides to its customers.
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Why is it you can't seem to decide whether it's "Linux" or "GNU/Linux"?

About us - FAQ | getgnulinux.org
Tough question. We wish to start by saying that we share the FSF's view on the subject and have a Linux FAQ post to explain the meaning of it all. We try to appeal to a large audience –reach these people who never heard about free software and barely remotely heard the word "Linux". We want them to find us before they type linux.org and run away from it. So we frequently use the term "Linux". the same time, we try to explain what free software means throughout the website.
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Why do you continuously call it GNU/Linux instead of Linux?

Free Software FAQ - pcc-services.com
I try to call it GNU/Linux to keep the idea of Freedom fresh in everyone's mind. However sometimes I just use "Linux" to refer to the entire system, but I usually explain the Freedom aspect of the system before I shorten the name. This is somewhat of a touchy subject in our community...some people are adamant about calling it GNU/Linux, while others simply like to refer to it as "Linux". I am of the attitude that as long as you convey the importance of Freedom you can call it whatever you want.
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Why use MPI? Why not threads?

Folding@home - FAQ-SMP
None of our engines are written to be thread-safe or multi-threaded. The only parallelizable codes (Gromacs and AMBER) both use MPI. Making Gromacs use only threads for parallelization isn't possible right now (we talk with the Gromacs developers frequently on this issue), so MPI is the only solution.
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