The first Arctic explorers were the Inuit themselves. Though most of their journeys remain undocumented, the Inuit have been traveling and exploring the icy waters and frigid continents of the Arctic region for thousands of years in search of food, supplies and settlement areas. It was not until the 1800's that Europeans began to search in earnest for a "Northwest Passage" to the Orient.

In the strictest sense, the Arctic is all of the Earth north of the Arctic Circle, which is located at 66 degrees, 32 minutes North Latitude. However, there are other definitions to suit specific scientific or political interests. For instance, the U.S. Congress has decreed that all of the Bering Sea, which extends southward to about 53 degrees North Latitude, is part of the Arctic for internal U.S. planning and budgeting purposes.

The Arctic environment is unique in many ways and offers the opportunity for a great many discoveries about how the physical and biologic environments function under the "extreme" conditions found in the Arctic. Several species of animals are unique to the Arctic (e.g., polar bear, walrus, musk ox) and many species of birds have their summer home there.

The Arctic is inhabited by several different groups of indigenous people, and also by relatively recent immigrants of mostly European background. In Alaska, for example, indigenous people account for about 70% or more of the total population in mainland areas bordering the Bering, Chukchi, or Beaufort Seas. In Russia, only 15% or fewer of the inhabitants along the north coast are indigenous people.

Rather than focusing on problem solving alone, wholistic or support counseling emphasizes the presence of your spirit/internal voice and/or the "observant" inner self along with the tools for clarity, reframing and step taking, amidst the pain and chaos of daily life. Personal concerns, hopes and dreams can be explored in relationship with God or a Higher Power.

The Arctic Circle is an imaginary line at latitude at 66° 32~33' North (depending on the earth's wobble) defined by the northernmost point where you can still see the sun on winter solstice, the shortest day of the year, December 21.

The Arctic is becoming an increasingly popular tourist destination. Whether you are an experienced outdoor camper or an armchair enthusiast, Arctic travel offers something for everyone. From full-blown expeditions to the North Pole to brief excursions along a mainland coast, Arctic travel can take many forms depending on your budget, curiosity and adventurous spirit. You can visit the Arctic on your own or as part of a tour.

Studies now underway in the Arctic should lead to more reliable forecasts of weather over the Arctic and in heavily populated mid-latitude areas. We will learn more about how the Arctic influences the global climate and achieve greater insight about the climate our children will experience. We will be better able to quantify, manage and use the natural resources of the Arctic.

There is no simple answer to this question. Good records of temperature and precipitation are available for the last 50 years, but data quantity and quality are diminished in prior years. It is clear that the Arctic has undergone significant change in the last 50 years, but the changes differ in different regions in the Arctic. For example, Alaska has experienced significant warming over the past 30 years, with average wintertime temperatures about 6 degrees warmer now than in the 1960's.

The Arctic is a vast, ice-covered ocean that is surrounded by tree-less, frozen land, which is often covered with snow and ice. The rigors of this harsh environment are a challenge to living, working and performing research in the Arctic. None the less, the Arctic is an ecosystem that teems with life including organisms living in the ice, fish and marine mammals living in the sea, birds, land animals such as wolves, caribou and polar bears, and human societies.

Christianity Explored is for anyone who wants to investigate Christianity informally with a group of other people. Whether you have previous experience of Church, Christians and the Bible, or none at all, this course is for you. Everyone is welcome - from the most sympathetic Sunday schooler to the convinced atheist. We will respect your background, culture and beliefs. Tell us as little or as much about yourself as you feel comfortable.

Well, there are certainly biologists who are interested specifically in that. They're a subset of people interested in evolution. But, yes, there are papers in the literature which make the distinction, and some which wonder, and there's a recent article by a biologist named Sean Carroll at the University of Wisconsin a year or so ago saying that it looks like it does, because we don't have any evidence of any other process besides micro- evolution that could lead to it.

Our datasets are drawn from the U.S. Decennial Census and include variables such as: race-ethnicity, gender, immigration status, earnings, education, occupation, cohabitation, full and part-time work, among many others. Some of our datasets permit the analyses of trends over the census years from 1950 to 2000. A larger number of files permit more in-depth analyses of population groups and geographic areas from the 1990 and 2000 U.S. Censuses.

Explored Location" means any space where a Mystery Card was placed at the start of the game, and whose Mystery Card has been revealed to all players.

The word arctic means "bear" in ancient Greek. It refers to the constel- lations of the Great Bear and Little Bear, which you can find in the night sky near the North Star. The North Star, currently Polaris, in the Alpha Ursae Minoris, or Little Bear Constellation, is also known as the Lode Star or Pole Star, and is part of the Little Dipper, 431 light years away.

The Arctic is a key region for scientific research. Current studies are focused on biological adaptations, climate change, permafrost processes, atmospheric phenomena, glaciology, sea ice dynamics, marine ecosystems, and more. By improving our understanding of natural processes in the relatively undisturbed Arctic environment, scientists hope to contribute to knowledge about the Earth as a whole.

Significant reductions in ozone content in the stratosphere above the Arctic have been observed during the late winter and early spring (January-March) in 6 of the last 9 years. However, these reductions, typically 20-25%, are much smaller than those observed currently each spring over the Antarctic (the ozone hole). The difference between ozone content in the two polar regions (see figure below) is caused by dissimilar weather patterns.

The Arctic situation may be different. I have not studied it close enough to comment. From what I know it is different, and more observations have been made over the last several years to back up what is being researched there.

For humans that live in the Arctic, conditions there dictate lifestyle to a very great extent. Residents must cope with very low temperatures and constant darkness in the winter, and temperatures above freezing and constant daylight in the summer. While temperatures are below freezing, the frozen, snow covered ground, ice covered rivers, and shore-fast ice are utilized for transportation using dog sleds (traditionally) or snowmobiles (recently).

Arctic is the name of the exciting line of Shepherd Color pigments that reflect the sun's infrared energy. These pigments allow the formulation of dark-colored systems that minimize heat build-up and meet Energy Star requirements for solar reflectivity.

The number and variety of animals living near the poles changes dramatically with the seasons. Only a few hardy animals, such as the musk ox, polar bears, Arctic hares, wolves, and the Arctic fox manage to stay in polar regions all year round. However, during the brief, light-filled months of summer, thousands of migratory birds and mammals seek out the rich feeding grounds, plentiful breeding sites, and relatively safe refuge of the high Arctic.

Contrary to popular belief, the Arctic is not all snow and ice. During the winter it is true that much of the land in the far north is under snow and ice. However, a large portion of the Arctic is comprised of forested and tundra regions where numerous plants, shrubs and trees grow.

While the Arctic may seem like quite an inhospitable place to live, there are several large cities inside the Arctic Circle, including Barrow, Alaska; Tromso, Norway; and Muramansk and Salekhaard in Russia. In addition to these large cities, there are numerous other large towns and villages, making the Arctic Circle and sub-arctic regions far from being the barren wastelands that people often imagine.

Trees are unable to survive in the high Arctic because of the extreme low temperatures, high winds and lack of sufficient rainfall. The point beyond which trees are unable to survive is called the treeline, and some researchers use it as the basis for defining where the Arctic begins.

There are several ways people travel in the Arctic. Skiis, kayaks and snowshoes are all forms of transportation invented by Arctic peoples. Today, snowmobiles and fiberglass boats are the most common means of transport throughout the region. However, sleds, skiis, snowshoes and kayaks are still in use.