Volcanoes come in a variety of shapes and produce a related variety of lavas, depending on levels of stickiness, or viscosity. The kind of volcanic rock they produce depends largely on the proportion of silica within the the lava. The less silica the lava contains, the less viscous the lava. The less viscous the lava, the easier it is for the volcanic gases that brew up in the magma to escape from their surrounding solids. Low viscosity produces honey-like lava, which flows easily from a crater.

There are several ways to tell. Near the June Lake Junction a glacial moraine sits on top of a volcano, which tells us that the volcano is older than the glaciation that created the moraine. Panum Crater and a few of the other Mono Craters have no lake terraces on their flanks, which tells us that they are younger than Mono Lake's high levels 13,000 years ago. Black Point has these terraces and tufa at its top, which tells us it is as old or older.

No, and geologically there is no reason to expect one to appear. There is evidence, however, of multiple ash falls from ancient volcanoes preserved in rocks of Cambrian, Ordovician, and Devonian age in outcrops in eastern West Virginia and in the subsurface in the western part of the State, and in a flint clay in the Hernshaw coal bed of Middle Pennsylvanian age (Kanawha Formation) in southern West Virginia.

The turn off to the Mud Volcanoes is 38 km (check on GPS and include GPS map) short of Hingol River and is marked by a small blue sign (about 1 foot wide) saying “Sapt Post”. The color on the sign board will vary, but the road will take you straight to the coast guard camp at Sapt. Turn off the road at this sign towards the sea and follow the tracks. Here, a saying goes, “all tracks lead to Chandra Gupt.

Volcanoes are a natural way that the Earth and other planets have of cooling off. Planets are warm in their mantles. Heat inside planets escapes towards their surfaces. For reasons that are not well understood, heat sometimes melts rocks, which then rise buoyantly toward the planet's surface. When the hot rocks - called magma - and included gases break through the crust, an eruption occurs. The buildup of ash and lava flows around the eruption hole (or vent) makes a volcano.

Volcanoes erupt because of density and pressure. The lower density of the magma relative to the surrounding rocks causes it to rise (like air bubbles in syrup). It will rise to the surface or to a depth that is determined by the density of the magma and the weight of the rocks above it. As the magma rises, bubbles start to form from the gas dissolved in the magma. The gas bubbles exert tremendous pressure.

The absolute number of volcanoes that exists depends on your definition: active only, active, dormant plus extinct volcanoes? And even if we decide on a definition, nobody has really counted all of the volcanoes, especially the tens on thousands on the sea floor. The best guess is 1511 volcanoes have erupted in the last 10,000 years and should be considered active.

There are many volcanoes on Mars, although we have not seen any of them erupting. It is an open question as to whether these volcanoes are extinct (will never erupt again), or are merely dormant at the present time. The most famous of the Martian volcanoes are those of the Tharsis region: Olympus Mons, Pavonis Mons, Arsia Mons, and Ascraeus Mons.

All of the Hawaiian Islands are made from several volcanoes ranging from a few feet above sea level to the tallest volcano in the islands, Mauna Kea on the Big Island of Hawaii which stands 13,796 ft above sea level (plus another 18,000 feet below sea level!). Another tall volcano located on the Big Island is Mauna Loa which stands 13,680 ft. Because of erosion (after a million years of rain, wind and waves) some volcano craters are only a hundred feet above sea level.

Alaska contains over 100 volcanoes and volcanic fields which have been active within the last one and a half million years. There are more then 70 potentially active volcanoes in Alaska. In the 1980's one morning of April 1st Sitka, Alaskans woke up to black smoke billowing out of the dormant volcano, Mt. Edgecombe; people were in a panic. The biggest joke had just been played on a whole town.

Call the USGS Cascades Volcano Observatory in Vancouver, Washington, at (360) 696-7693; the URL is http://vulcan.wr.usgs.gov.

Most of the Earth's volcanoes are located around the Pacific Ocean because that is where most of the Earth's subduction zones. A subduction zone is a place where one plate of oceanic lithosphere (= the crust + uppermost mantle) is shoved under another plate. The down going plate eventually starts to melt, and the material rises up to erupt through the overlying plate. If the overlying plate is a continent, you get a chain of volcanoes such as the Andes or Cascades.

Shield volcanoes--the largest of all volcanoes on Earth (not counting flood basalt flows). The Hawaiian volcanoes are the most famous examples. These volcanoes are mostly made up of basalt, a type of lava that is very fluid when erupted. For this reason these volcanoes are not steep (you can't pile up a fluid that easily runs downhill).

Kilauea, Hawaii; Mount St.

There is currently one island that is volcanically active, Hawaii also known as the Big Island. Mauna Loa is an active volcano on the Big Island. Kilauea has been erupting non-stop since 1989, but it isn’t shooting magma up in the air all that time as you might imagine. Currently the most visible molten rock flows from Kilauea Caldera at Pu’u o’o vent where most of the magma flows through lava tubes and abruptly meets the ocean creating new land.

There's an old Hawaiian expression for an angry wife which translates something like this: "Pele is pouring lava on Puna again..." Well, Puna does take the brunt of her wrath, but there are other places that could be affected sometime in the future. Here's a lava flow hazard map: http://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/hazards/maps.html

Maui does not have any active volcanoes like the Big Island of Hawaii. Mount Haleakala on Maui is a dormant volcano that has not erupted since the 1790’s.

Yes, the moon has some volcanoes. But as far as I know they are all "dead" volcanoes that have not erupted for millions of years. Most of the craters on the moon are from the surface being hit by asteroids and comets billions of years ago. The moon is a very "quiet" place. There is no air or water to erode the surface, and there are no earthquakes or volcanoes to change the surface. Only the smallest rocks may still hit the surface.

Ans: No, there are different earth processes responsible for volcanoes. Earthquakes may occur in an area before, during, and after a volcanic eruption, but they are the result of the active forces connected with the eruption, and not the cause of volcanic activity.

Animals don't live inside of volcanoes, but they do live on the rocks on a volcano's outer surface. No giant squid have been reported yet, but a large number of unique and strange-looking animals live near the seafloor. Tiny shrimp-like creatures, worms, sea cucumbers and fish live at the bottom of all oceans, and animals such as tube worms, sea anemones, rays, octopi, certain deep-sea fish and giant crabs are unique to hydrothermal vents areas on volcanoes. (Matt Schrenk)

They form when the Earth's seafloor tears apart (because it is denser than the underlying mantle and is always trying to sink into it). The tear decreases the pressure in the molten rock below, causing it to create lots of buoyant liquid rock. The liquid rock is called "magma" and once it has risen through the mantle to the tear in the seafloor, it erupts and is termed "lava.

Volcanoes are not randomly distributed over the Earth’s surface. Most are concentrated on the edges of continents, along island chains, or beneath the sea forming long mountain ranges. More than half of the world’s active volcanoes above sea level encircle the Pacific Ocean to form the circum-Pacific “Ring of Fire.”

Your doctor can tell if you have IC if you have the symptoms above and by ruling out other diseases with similar symptoms. The first step in diagnosing IC is to rule out other health problems that may be causing the symptoms. Symptoms of urinary tract infections, bladder cancer, endometriosis, sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), and kidney stones can be the same as those caused by IC. Tests on your urine, bladder, and urinary tract may be done. These can include: Urine culture.

Answering the following four questions can help you find out if you or a loved one has a drinking problem:

IUD stands for Intrauterine Device. It is a T-shaped piece of plastic that is often covered with copper wire.(copper T) Some IUDs also contain hormones or come in different shapes. The IUD sits inside the uterus. The IUD prevents pregnancy by not allowing a fertilized egg to attach itself to the wall of the uterus. If a fertilized egg cannot attach and grow, it is unable to develop into a fetus. Two appointments are required for an IUD insertion, from your doctor.

Not always. A subluxation is like a dental cavity--you may have it for a long time before symptoms appear. That's why periodic spinal checkups are so important. Although it may be possible to know you have a subluxation, it is rarely possible to be sure you don't. Regular spinal checkups are always a good idea, and they promote good health from the inside out.

Food grade Glycerin and water is used by some EPD patients as a source of sustenance if foods are stopped for the EPD shot day or for the critical three days. Some food sensitive people find that all food avoidance around the shot will enhance the desensitization of foods. Doctors don't often recommend total food avoidance but may suggest only some of the foods described for the critical three days. Glycerin may be a supplemental item if needed during this time.

Fructose and water is used by some EPD patients as a source of sustenance if foods are stopped for the EPD shot day or for the critical three days. Some food sensitive people find that all food avoidance around the shot will enhance the desensitization of foods. Doctors don't often recommend total food avoidance but may suggest only some of the foods described for the critical three days. Fructose may be a supplemental item if needed during this time.