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Frequently Asked Questions

How are sexual orientation and gender identity determined?

PFLAG: Frequently Asked Questions
No one knows exactly how sexual orientation and gender identity determined. However, experts agree that it is a complicated matter of genetics, biology, psychological and social factors. For most people, sexual orientation and gender identity are shaped at any early age. While research has not determined a cause, homosexuality and gender variance are not the result of any one factor like parenting or past experiences.
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How are sexual identity and sexual orientation determined?

SAFE Singapore: October 2006
No one knows exactly but experts agree that it is a complicated matter of genetics, biology, psychological and social factors. For most people, sexual identity and sexual orientation are shaped at an early age. While research has not determined a cause, homosexuality and gender variance are not the result of any one factor like parenting or past experiences. It is never anyone's "fault" if they or their loved one grows up to be gay, lesbian, bisexual or transgender.
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Can gay people change their sexual orientation or gender identity?

PFLAG: Frequently Asked Questions
Religious and secular organizations do sponsor campaigns and studies claiming that GLBT people can change their sexual orientation or gender identity because there is something wrong. PFLAG believes that it is our anti-GLBT attitudes, laws and policies that need to change, not our GLBT loved ones. These studies and campaigns suggesting that GLBT people can change are based on ideological biases and not peer-reviewed solid science.
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What is sexual identity?

TransProud - Frequently Asked Questions
Sexual identity is the self-image that someone has, regardless of the genitals with which they were born. That's to say, an individual with male sexual characteristics (a male gender) may feel themselves to be female, some would describe themselves as a "woman in a man's body." This individual would have a female gender identity.
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What is sexual orientation?

TransProud - Frequently Asked Questions
Sexual orienation refers to the gender which a person finds themselves emotionally and sexually attracted. The common terms for the variety of sexual orientations are gay, lesbian, bisexual and heterosexual. Some individuals may identify themselves as asexual, and others as other.
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What is sexual identity and sexual orientation?

SAFE Singapore: October 2006
Sexual identity is the degree to which one identifies with the social and biological aspects of being a man or a woman. Most people identify primarily with their biological sex but transgendered people identify more with the biological and social characteristics of the other gender. Sexual orientation is defined by a person's emotional, romantic and sexual attraction to another. Heterosexuals are people whose sexual and romantic feelings are for people of the opposite sex.
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What is sexual orientation? What is gender identity?

Frequently Asked Questions About LGBT Issues
Sexual orientation refers to who people are attracted to; a homosexual orientation would be towards people of the same sex, a heterosexual orientation would be towards people of the opposite sex. A bisexual orientation would be towards either sex. Gender identity refers to how people define themselves as male, female, or something else entirely.
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Frequently asked questions about sexual orientation
Sexual Orientation is an enduring emotional, romantic and sexual attraction to another person. It is easily distinguished from other components of sexuality, including biological sex, gender identity (the psychological sense of being male or female) and the social gender role (adherence to cultural norms for feminine and masculine behaviour). Bisexual persons can experience sexual and emotional attraction to both their own sex and the opposite sex.
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What is the difference between gender identity and sexual orientation?

Lesbian Gay Bisexual Trans Services Office
Gender identity is a person's internal sense of being a man or a woman, a boy or a girl. Sexual orientation is someone's sexual attraction to others who may be of the opposite sex, the same sex, or either sex. Like other people, transgendered people can be straight, gay, lesbian or bisexual. Generally speaking, their gender identity - not their physical sex status - determines their sexual orientation.
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How can I reconcile my or my loved one's sexual orientation with my faith?

PFLAG: Frequently Asked Questions
This is a difficult question for many people. Learning that a loved one is GLBT can be a challenge if you feel it is at odds with your faith tradition. However, being GLBT does not impact a person's ability to be moral and spiritual any more than being heterosexual does. Many GLBT people are religious and active in their own faith communities. It is up to you to explore, question and make choices in order to reconcile religion with homosexuality and gender variance.
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Is Sexual Orientation a Choice?

Answers to Your Questions About Sexual Orientation and Homos...
No, human beings can not choose to be either gay or straight. Sexual orientation emerges for most people in early adolescence without any prior sexual experience. Although we can choose whether to act on our feelings, psychologists do not consider sexual orientation to be a conscious choice that can be voluntarily changed.
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Q13. What is sexual orientation discrimination and when will this protection become effective?

IDHR is the agency responsible for enforcing state anti-discrimination laws. The statute enforced by the Department is the Illinois Human Rights Act(“Act”).
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Affirmation: Gay & Lesbian Mormons
Sexual orientation is one of the four components of sexuality and is distinguished by an enduring emotional, romantic, sexual or affectional attraction to individuals of a particular gender. The three other components of sexuality are biological sex, gender identity (the psychological sense of being male or female) and social sex role (adherence to cultural norms for feminine and masculine behavior).
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Lesbian Gay Bisexual Trans Services Office
A person's sexual orientation is defined by their enduring emotional, romantic, sexual or affectional attraction to other people. Heterosexual (or straight) refers to people whose sexual and romantic feelings are primarily for people of the opposite sex. Homosexual (or gay and lesbian) refers to people whose sexual and romantic feelings are primarily for those of the same sex. The term lesbian refers to women who are homosexual.
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Can Therapy Change Sexual Orientation?

Answers to Your Questions About Sexual Orientation and Homos...
No. Even though most homosexuals live successful, happy lives, some homosexual or bisexual people may seek to change their sexual orientation through therapy, sometimes pressured by the influence of family members or religious groups to try and do so. The reality is that homosexuality is not an illness. It does not require treatment and is not changeable.
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Can “conversion therapy” change sexual orientation?

Frequently Asked Questions
No. The reality is that homosexuality is not an illness. It does not require treatment and is not changeable. In 1973, the American Psychiatric Association removed homosexuality from the official manual that lists mental and emotional disorders. Two years later, the American Psychological Association resolved to support the removal. Ever since, both associations have urged all mental health professionals to help dispel the stigma of mental illness associated with homosexual orientation.
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