In open browlift surgery, the surgeon works through an incision that extends across the top of the forehead and down to the ears. In endoscopic browlift surgery, the surgeon makes three to five short scalp incisions and performs surgery with the assistance of a small camera called an endoscope, which is placed under the skin. Not all patients are good candidates for endoscopic browlift surgery.

Endoscopic browlifts have the ability to raise or lower the brow and address the upper and part of the lower eyelids, stopping at the bony rim (called the zygoma - Zi go ma) below the eyes. If a midfacelift is also performed, the surgeon is able to provide middle face rejuvenation -including any remaining portion under the eyes and the area of the face level with the nose down to the teeth.

The only difference is the size of the incision. Traditional or open surgery is one where there is an abdominal incision from 8-12 inches long. Lap surgery is done by making five or six small incisions about 1/4 to ½ inch each. A laparoscope is inserted into the incision and is connected to a video camera and shows on a monitor. The entire operation is performed inside the abdomen after gas has been used to expand the abdomen.

In a rare patient than has a disk that has become a fully extruded and migrated up into the spinal canal. The patient has extensive spinal stenosis he will need an extensive amount of bone removed which is better done with open surgery. If the patient has extensive spinal instability and requires a spinal fusion this must be done with an open procedure.

Endoscopic browlift means that your surgeon is using a telescope about the diameter of a pencil eraser to perform the surgery. When the telescope is inserted under the skin, the area is displayed on a television screen. Endoscopic browlifts have several advantages. First, endoscopic browlifts allow the surgeon to address the brow, upper eyelids AND a portion of the lower eyelids.

The beauty of the browlift is that it is done endoscopically. The incisions are approximately one half to one inch long, all hidden in above the hairline. Because of incision placement, browlift incisions heal very well and most patients and family members will not notice them after a few weeks.

Endoscopic surgery uses a tiny camera inserted through very small incisions to visualize the surgical site, resulting in much smaller scars, less chance of nerve damage and loss of sensation, little or no hair loss (browlift surgery), less bleeding, bruising and swelling, and a quicker recovery. Endoscopic surgery can be used for browlifts, midface lifts, orbital surgery, and tear duct repair surgery.

All surgical procedures have potential risks and possible complications and those associated with selective endoscopic discectomy™ surgery are similar but much less common than following open back surgery. The most common complications are: persistent nerve root pain either due to minor manipulation of the nerve or regeneration of the nerve that was damaged prior to surgery.

Dr. Anthony Yeung has performed more than 2000 of these procedures and originated this technique with the YESS endoscope and taught me his technique. Based upon his experience we believe that this technique is successful because of several factors. The abnormal portion of the disc that is creating internal pressure against the annulus and nerve root is removed.

Our physicians only perform endoscopic spinal surgery and have performed over 7000 such surgeries. We perform endoscopic surgeries that many others cannot and we are very honest about what we think we can and cannot treat. Not many M.D.'s perform true minimally invasive spinal surgery and even fewer have the years of experience that MicroSpine has. We don't give false hope but real hope and real answers. We are not perfect but we will utilize all of our experience to try to resolve your pain.

Endoscopic spine surgery is very safe and complications are low. The most common complication is infection and this is usually discitis and related to disc surgeries. The incidence of discitis is similar to conventional surgery and is around 2%. Other risks include nerve damage, bleeding, etc. but these are very rare. Bleeding is usually only around 100 cc's and thus is minimal. We never utilize transfusion systems.

Since the small incisions used in minimally invasive procedures do not cut across large tissue areas, scarring tends to be significantly reduced. Patients who are appropriate candidates for a minimally invasive procedure usually stay in the hospital from one to three days, instead of the five to seven days required for open surgery. In many cases, recovery time can be as little as one to two weeks, as compared with four to six weeks for open surgery.

Endoscopic Carpal Tunnel Surgery is just one of many procedures performed by the surgeons in the intricate interrelationships between muscle, tissue, tendons and nerves that provide the hand its function. This knowledge combined with mastery of the complex surgical procedure, gives patients an opportunity for improved function and mobility and much greater prospects for recovery.

The procedure itself is painless, as anesthetic is used during the operation. At your consultation, we will determine whether full general anesthesia or "twilight" sedation is best for you. You may experience some swelling and tightness for a week or two following surgery, but little pain is expected. Most patients require little medication.

The pain after endoscopic surgery can usually be controlled with similar types of medications that are used in non-endoscopic spinal correction.

The limitations after endoscopic surgery or similar to those of non-endoscopic surgery. Because the instrumentation in endoscopic surgery may not be as rigid, there is a higher likelihood that those patients who have endoscopic surgery will need to wear a brace postoperatively.

Dr. Rai specializes in endoscopic breast augmentation because he believes that it offers his patients exceptional results with minimal scarring and faster healing. Other endoscopic surgery procedures include endoscopic tummy tucks , endoscopic facelifts and endoscopic forehead lifts . I feel very happy and I feel good about me. Others say I look great. Do it if it will make you look and feel better about yourself. - S.G.

with any type of invasive surgery, there are certain risks. Dr. Rai and his staff take the necessary precautions to ensure safe treatment for each patient. We make sure you know exactly what to expect throughout your entire endoscopic TUBA breast augmentation experience. If we feel your results might be anything less than ideal, we will advise against surgery.

The equipment, maintenance and procedure are more expensive but as the hospital stay and the intake of drugs is reduced it is actually the same if not less than open surgery.

Laparoscopy is considered a more technologically advanced, less invasive approach to surgery. It requires that the surgeon have special training and skills in the laparoscopic technique. While open surgery uses an 8- to 10-inch incision (cut) to open the abdomen, the laparoscopic approach involves six small incisions (¼ or ½ inches long). Through these small incisions, a fiber optic tube (the laparoscope) connected to a camera and long-reaching instruments are inserted.

Try standing in front of a mirror and placing the palms of your hands to the sides of your eyes above the eyebrows. Then pull the skin back from the eyes, raising the forehead. This is approximately how the procedure will make you look. The main difference lies in the type of incision made. In a traditional browlift the surgeon makes a coronal (headphone-shaped) incision behind the hairline, stretching between the ears and across the top of the forehead.

The main difference lies in the type of incision made. In a traditional browlift the surgeon makes a coronal (headphone-shaped) incision behind the hairline, stretching between the ears and across the top of the forehead. In a minimally invasive endoscopic browlift the surgeon makes three to five short incisions (less than an inch long) behind the hairline.

The healing process makes hand surgery different from most other types of surgery. For example, in appendicitis the disease is cured once the diseased organ is removed; in hand surgery the structures within the hand are returned to anatomic position. However, for tendons to glide once again, nerves to transmit impulses, and joints to rotate, these structures must heal first and this, by definition, involves the formation of scar tissue.

Although nearly all patients are fully mobile the day after the procedure, most take 5-7 days off work, depending on their individual healing rate. Full healing, as with any surgery, takes a bit longer. Until three months post-surgery, the brow may be oilier or slightly numb.

with any surgical procedure, there is a small risk of bleeding, infection or scarring. Slight asymmetry between the brows may occur. Very rarely, loss of brow muscle function develops. Being informed prior to surgery will help you make optimal choices regarding your care. By altering the underlying structure of the face, a skilled cosmetic surgeon can create beautifully balanced features, with a well-defined jaw line and cheekbones and a slight hollow in the cheeks.

Most patients can return to normal activities within about ten days, but should avoid vigorous physical activity for several weeks.

Anyone is eligible to play in either the Open or CoRec. The difference is that an Open team could be all men or all women or mixed. The CoRec requires an equal number of males to females to be on the court or field at all times. For instance, a team of four would consist of two males and two females. However, an odd-number team such as five would, of course, have more of one gender than the other. Also, CoRec official rules are a bit different to accommodate the equal numbers.