A:No. The bison were introduced to Catalina. Fourteen head were brought to the Island in the 1920s for the making of film. The animals were left on the Island and proliferated, the herd growing as large as perhaps 600 individuals.

Over the last 85 plus years of residence on the Island, bison have become an expected feature, almost iconic, to the Island traveler. A number of tours, literature and attractions feature the bison, which have become rather famous. In 2003, the Conservancy commissioned a scientific study of the bison and their impact on the Island. According to the study, the bison suffer from a poor diet due to frequent drought conditions and a history of overgrazing by other non-native herbivores.

Fourteen were brought to Catalina in 1924 to make a film, though presently the name of that film is unknown. Today the population is maintained at about 200. Periodically the herds are thinned out by the Santa Catalina Island Conservancy and the surplus bison are sold and shipped to the mainland. For more information on the natural history of Catalina Island and the Conservancy, see the following source:

Animals which are considered "native" to the Island include Catalina Island gray fox (probably brought to the Island from other Channel Islands by Native Americans), small rodents such as mice, squirrels and the ornate shrew, bats, 6 kinds of snakes including Pacific rattlesnake, lizards, and tree frogs.

Author: andris nestors (http://www.jguru.com/guru/viewbio.jsp?EID=70392) Question originally posed by Saravanan Jayachandran (http://www.jguru.com/guru/viewbio.jsp?EID=91462 Catalina is the name given to the Tomcat 4.0 servlet engine component, in the same way that the JSP compiler/runtime component is called Jasper. Author: Ignacio J. Ortega (http://www.jguru.com/guru/viewbio.jsp?EID=98626) Question originally posed by Allwyn Pinto (http://www.jguru.com/guru/viewbio.

Epidemiological studies of field outbreaks strongly suggest that sheep infected with OvHV-2 are the principal source of MCF outbreaks in bison and cattle. A strong association between outbreaks in cattle and recent exposure to sheep has been documented repeatedly since 1929. Recent data indicate that a similar pattern occurs in bison. In some outbreaks, however, no sheep were in the vicinity immediately prior to the first case being identified.

Yes. There are reliable scientific reports of MCF in both European and American bison (Bison bonasus and B.bison, respectively). MCF occurs in the Plains subspecies (B. bison bison), which is the basis of the commercial bison industry in North America. We are not aware of confirmed cases of MCF in Woodland bison (B. bison athabascae) but we recently found that they are subclinically infected at about the same rate as are the Plains bison.

Most infections are characterized by depression, separation from the rest of the herd, loss of appetite, and in many bloody diarrhea. Unlike MCF in cattle, discharge from the eyes and nasal passages of affected bison is minimal. Animals develop a fever and may pass bloody urine. The clinical course is generally 1 -7 days. Most animals die within 3 days of developing clinical signs.

Animals older than 6 months, particularly if stressed by bad weather, transportation and handling. Large outbreaks occur in feedlots, where stress due to crowding is likely.

Following transmission, the MCF virus is presumed to infect lymphoid tissues (spleen and lymph nodes) and cells lining the gut, urogenital tract and nasal passages. The severe inflammation generally causes gastroenteritis, with widespread formation of ulcers particularly in the large bowel. This is the basis for bloody diarrhea, a common and useful diagnostic sign of MCF in bison.

In most instances by contact with sheep. The virus is shed from the nasal passages. It is not clear precisely how the virus is transmitted from sheep to bison, but it is probably via the nose and/or mouth. There may be other avenues of transmission that have not yet been recognized.

The feral cat population has grown on the Island over the years largely due to the release of domestic cats by people who thought their former pets would be able to “live off the land.”

Outside of Avalon, the current mooring rates can be obtained at the following website: www.visitcatalinaisland.com/twoHarbors/boat_mooring.php Mooring rates for Avalon can be obtained at the Avalon Harbor Department website: www.cityofavalon.com/filestorage/2542/2566/2572/Brochure_July_2005.pdf

MCF virus is transmitted by sheep in most instances. There is no documented evidence of person-to-bison transmission. Normal veterinary infection control precautions should be followed when caring for a bison suspected to have this viral infection.

A:Bald eagles were common on Catalina Island until the 1970s when the cumulative effects of the dumping of DDT off the Southern California Coast near San Pedro made it impossible for eagles to successfully hatch young. The eagles now on the Island are the product of a recovery effort undertaken by the Institute for Wildlife Studies on the protected lands of the Conservancy.

A:Bald eagles can be seen soaring the skies above Catalina Island. There are nests with mating pairs of bald eagles at Pinnacle Peak on the Island’s east end, one at the tip of the west end, another at Two Harbors and another at Twin Rocks near Long Point on the Channel side of the Island. There is at least one eagle that likes to perch on trees around the Catalina Freight Company, at Avalon’s Pebbly Beach, offering unique photo opportunities to visitors to that area of town.

A:Most adult feral cats are difficult to domesticate. However, ferals in the process of being tamed and younger cats including kittens may be adopted from the Catalina Island Humane Society for a modest donation by calling 310.510.1900 or visiting at 208 Metropole Ave., Avalon

Outside of the City of Avalon, Two Harbors Enterprises (T.H.E.), a subsidiary of the Santa Catalina Island Company, manages the moorings and the Harbor Patrol. Additional information on mooring around Catalina Island can be obtained from the following website: www.visitcatalinaisland.com/twoHarbors/Boating.php Within the harbor at Avalon, the City of Avalon Harbor Department manages the moorings. Additional information can be obtained from the following website: www.cityofavalon.

The moorings outside of Avalon are serviced by T.H.E. and provide: garbage pickup, harbor patrol, servicing of moorings, health and safety services, potable water, and management of leased lands.

Natural infections occur in many species of deer such as elk, reindeer and moose, as well as a variety of exotic ruminants. The disease can be transmitted experimentally to laboratory species, but there is nothing to indicate these species are involved in natural transmission. MCF was recently reported in pigs for the first time.

Three tests are available: histopathology, serological testing for MCF and an OvHV-2 specific test using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

We are aware of cases in 11 states (Utah, Wyoming, Colorado, Montana, California, Oregon, Ohio, Kansas, Nebraska, North and South Dakota) and three Canadian provinces (Saskatchewan, Ontario and Alberta). The disease is widespread in the bison industry and is commonly misdiagnosed due to lack of specific clinical signs.

The BISON catalogue is a listing of all of the University of Manitoba Libraries' materials such as books and journals and their locations. To search BISON go to http://bison.umanitoba.ca/.

Bison are wild, fast, smart and unpredictable. They can be deadly if they feel threatened or provoked.

Research has shown that buffalo is a highly nutrient-dense food because of the proportion of protein, fat and minerals aid its caloric value. Comparisons to other meat sources have also shown that buffalo has a greater concentration of iron as well as some of the essential fatty acids necessary for human well-being.

Our bison are not subjected to growth hormones or stimulants. They receive no antibiotics. They are only grass-fed and do not receive grain, as that only adds fat to the animal.

We sell it by the side, or in any smaller form of any of the cuts. We realize that some people have never tasted bison and would want a small amount to try. Other people do not have extra freezer space for large quantities, so the portion you buy, is tailored strictly to your needs. A full inventory of all cuts are kept in our freezers, and with a phone call and instructions, we are happy to deliver free of charge to the local area - Cumberland to Campbell River.

Johnny (Charles Crafts) shares Dr. Alton's habit of referring to things that only we the audience can see. He says, "[My] marriage ended here." And we see printed on a wall, "SUPERIOR COURT Division 7." But he says this to Glen, who must assume that by "here," Johnny means the kitchen they're both sitting in.

According to the Conservancy’s Articles of Incorporation, the property of the Conservancy is irrevocably dedicated to charitable purposes and if dissolution is required, all the Conservancy’s assets would be transferred exclusively for charitable purposes, as directed by the Attorney General of the State of California.

No. The five northern Channel Islands that comprise the Channel Islands National Park are: San Miguel, Santa Rosa, Santa Cruz, Anacapa and Santa Barbara. The National Park Service and The Nature Conservancy jointly manage Santa Cruz Island. San Clemente and San Nicholas are both property of the U.S. Navy. Catalina Island is the only entirely privately managed Channel Island, yet it is the Island with the greatest public access and the only resident population of significance.