All purpose flour is fine as long as it is unbleached as bleaching weakens the protein which is needed to give a good texture or crumb to the bread. Bread flour has higher protein and will make a chewier bread. Regional flours may be lower in protein than ones available nationally such as Gold Medal, or Pillsbury.

A variety of flours can be used to make bread. As you will often see, some recipes may call for the use of "Bakers Flour or Bread Flour". This flour is recommended because of it's higher protein content - approx. 11-12%, versus ordinary plain flour or all purpose flour, which will have a lower protein content, usually below 10%. The amount of gluten, often referred to, as the "protein in flour" is crucial in bread making. See similar questions...

White Lily® Bread Flour is ideal to use in any bread machine. Bread flour is made with hard wheat flour which has a high protein and high gluten content. Yeast breads require high gluten to form air pockets to make bread rise high and light. See similar questions...

Generally, the following three main characteristics of wheat flour are considered in determining its suitability for bread making. Protein Quality & Quantity : The protein quality and protein quantity required for bread making is usually measured in terms of loaf volume, satisfactory crust and crumb characteristics obtained under optimum conditions of processing and formula. If two types of flour of the same protein content give different quality. See similar questions...

Freshly milled flour is also called immature flour or "green flour". It is not suitable for baking because of its low water absorbtion capabilities and this will cause poor handling characteristics during processing. The final product will have low volume and poor crumb chracteristics. See similar questions...

Generally cocoa (Dutch-processed) gives the best flavor impact in baking. In ganache (heavy cream and chocolate) or chocolate cream pie, where the chocolate is the main ingredient and does not get subjected to long heating, bittersweet chocolate is a good choice. Brand of chocolate is entirely a matter of personal preference. What tastes good by itself will also taste good when mixed with other ingredients. You be the judge! See similar questions...

Oils high in monounsaturated fats and saturated fats are more heat stable than delicate polyunsaturated fats. Our culinary oils can be broken into categories of low, medium and high heat. Baking at an oven temperature of 325?F (163?C), the moisture of the food keeps the inside temperature under 212?F (100?C) See similar questions...

My preference is for a light rye flavor and texture so I use just under 18% rye. If you want higher than 20% rye you need to make a sourdough rye because the acidity of the sourdough is necessary to keep the crumb from getting sticky (due to the pentosans in the rye flour). To make a bread with about 42% rye, convert the sourdough starter to a sourdough rye starter by feeding it medium rye flour instead of bread flour. You will need a few extra drops of water to achieve a smooth consistency. See similar questions...

We recommend you weigh your flour when the bread doesn’t rise properly, the loaf is too dense or the crust is too hard. Please see below for guidelines: See similar questions...

A preheated baking stone or quarry tiles are ideal. Allow it or them to preheat for a minimum of 45 minutes. Stone retains heat, giving better oven spring or rise to the loaf, and absorbs moisture yielding a crisper crust. To avoid sprinkling flour or cornmeal on the stone, Silpain, or Silpat (both are silicone mats but Silpain is black and has little holes for breathing), or parchment, can be placed directly on the stone. See similar questions...

The best apples for baking are the ones that hold their shape and don't turn to mush when heated. An easy rule of thumb is to think green. Two of the most widely available cooking apples have green skin: Golden Delicious and Granny Smith. Ideal for all kinds of baking, Granny Smith apples have a crisp tart flavor and Golden Delicious have a more floral taste. Rome Beauty, available in the fall, is a red variety that is also good for baking. See similar questions...

It is likely that too little liquid was added to your dough. During bread making one adds liquid to the yeast to stimulate its production of CO2 allowing the dough to rise. If too little liquid is added the yeast cannot produce enough gluten, causing the loaf to be too small and dense. See similar questions...

Ingredients should be added to the machine according to the specific directions given in the owner's manual of your bread machine. We choose to add liquid ingredients first, then dry with yeast being the last. See similar questions...

To be honest, there is no traditional Asian food recipes that use adzuki bean flour or meal, or ground adzuki bean. The hard nature of the bean requires soaking and boiling to be softened before it can be mashed into another ingredient. However, if you can get hold of adzuki bean flour (which is usually sold in cooked and rehydrated form), it is still possible to mix it with bread flour to make bread. Adzuki bean on its own would not react to yeast as it is not starch. See similar questions...

here has been considerable controversy about the stability of flaxseed due to the high content of highly unsaturated omega-3 fatty acids. Flaxseed appears more stable than would be expected considering its n-3 content. Ratnayake showed no deterioration after 44 weeks of storage at room temp. However, it is suggested that flax seed be stored in the refrigerator or freezer for maximum protection. See similar questions...

Yes. L4C exists to help people locate chemistry resources, For several years we ran a guestbook for our users to give feedback, unfortunately the guestbook was abused by spammers and we took it offline in September 2002. Now we only accept e-mail to your site rocks because.... OK. We can take criticism, so long as it is constructive, please tell us by e-mail to your site sucks because... but remember if the criticism is abusive, your mail will just be deleted. See similar questions...

Our bread rises as a result of the starter method we use. All Pacific Bakery products are made under supervision of Kosher Overseers of America (KOA). They are not suitable for Passover because they are leavened. See similar questions...

These products are not recommended for canning; choose recipes that you can freeze. In fact, most of these products are not really "canned." The directions call for baking in the jar and then closing with a canning lid. Many recipes for quick breads and cakes are low-acid and have the potential for supporting the growth of a bacteria like Clostridium botulinum if it is present inside the closed jar. One university's research showed a high potential for problems. See similar questions...

Any other questions not answered here please contact the Food & Nutrition Services office at 915-779-4216 See similar questions...