The aim of CERN is to study the nature and structure of matter. The CERN experiments are also designed to give a better understanding of the behaviour of matter, i.e. the interactions between the different components of matter. The branch of physics incorporating this type of fundamental research is called "Particle Physics". The reason why CERN's machines are so huge and complex is that the study of matter needs machines that can create ever greater energy densities at microscopic level. See similar questions...

Les expériences du CERN sont également destinées à mieux comprendre le comportement de la matière, c'est à dire les interactions entre les différents composants de la matière. Le domaine de la physique englobant ce type de recherches fondamentales est appelé "Physique des particules". See similar questions...

Number of institutes and universities participating in the experimental programme (information for 1.1.97): See similar questions...

During 1996, in normal operation (of approx. 4000 hours), LEP consumed ? 262 GWh (262 million kWh), or less than 0.01 % of the electricity used in Europe. This rate of power consumption is lower than that of a jumbo-jet for the same operating time. It is slightly over half the power consumption for households in the Canton of Geneva which is some 483 GWh a year. For 1996, the total electricity consumption by CERN was ? 933 GWh (or 933 million kWh). See similar questions...

Orginally Copenhagen figured prominently among the list of candidate sites, due to the influence of Niels Bohr. For some time the Theory Group was at Copenhagen before moving to Geneva. Also the UK was a candidate, as Liverpool (Chadwick) already had one of the world's biggest synchro-cyclotrons. Heisenberg thought this machine should be used for CERN, at least temporarily. See similar questions...

In accordance with Section 9.9 of Debian Policy, no program supplied by Debian will depend upon environment variables other than the usual suspects like $HOME, etc. For third-party software, normally it is sufficient to set three environment variables as follows: export CERN=/usr You will have to add these to your shell initialization files (.bashrc, .zshrc, or whatever) yourself. If your shell is csh or tcsh, you will instead need the lines setenv CERN /usr This should satisfy most programs. See similar questions...

One of the objectives of the STI project is to inventory the skills that CERN is going to lose. In this context, as your contribution is extremely important for the project, you are required to fill in the EDH document although you will be leaving CERN soon. In the same spirit, if you are in progressive retirement, the STI team would appreciate if you could also fill in the EDH document. See similar questions...

If you have never used the CERN AIS login page before then you should log in with your CERN NICE credentials. However, if you have already used this AIS login, you should continue to use the AIS username & password. See similar questions...

This procedure only concerns people who cannot be registered under any CERN status (those people should be registered by the relevant central service), and who do not participate to an experiment at CERN (this category of person should be registered by the experiment secretariat or the User Office as substitute). General rule: when a person comes at CERN and needs to get access card, computer account, to register a claim etc.. See similar questions...

CERN supports building Cernlib under Linux only for the Intel x86-compatible and IBM PowerPC CPUs. With the Debian patches, Cernlib can be (and is) compiled under Linux for all 11 architectures supported by Debian. At least minimal testing has been done of the functionality of Debian's Cernlib on x86, PowerPC, Motorola 680x0 and Sun SPARC processor families. Cernlib is compiled into shared libraries as well as static. Shared libraries have several advantages over static ones. See similar questions...

There are several ways in which one could argue that CERN's official version of Cernlib is better. The most obvious is that a number of programs and libraries are missing from the Debian packages of Cernlib. Some of these are just seldom-used, except perhaps by a few people at CERN (which uses its own RedHat-based Linux distribution), so I saw no reason to package them for Debian. Others would require more effort to fix up until they were suitable for Debian than would be worthwhile. See similar questions...

Synchronization with CERN's time servers (ip-time-1, ..., ip-time-4, see below) is usually configured when Linux is installed. If you have to do the configuration by hand, the following may help. NTP configuration: ip-time-{1,2} assume a 137.138.x.x address, on 172.18.x.x please use ip-time-{3,4} instead. # echo -e "server ip-time-1\nserver ip-time-2" >> /etc/ntp/ntp. See similar questions...

This kind of setup is useful for computers which do not have access to networks outside of CERN, or for machines which do not need access to AFS cells other than CERN one (cern.ch). In addition using settings below the AFS client does not block anymore on listing /afs. Edit /etc/sysconfig/afs and change line OPTIONS= to read OPTIONS="... -rootvol root.afs.only-cern" Next reboot your machine. See similar questions...

No: only members of the CERN personnel who hold a legitimation card or attestation de fonctions issued by the Swiss Federal Department of Foreign Affairs are authorised to use Gate E. See similar questions...

Yes: all members of the CERN personnel holding the required documents are authorised to use Gate E if their vehicle has a valid sticker. See similar questions...

The Cuddle Ewe Underquilt, when placed between your mattress and fitted sheets, transforms your bed from something routine you have been accustomed to laying on, into something sublime you are cradled in. The natural wool batting supports and distributes your body weight more evenly, allowing pressure points and tender points to be relieved and supported and manages body temperatures and moisture. See similar questions...

All the other males and females are either workers or soldiers. Workers search for food and help build nests for the queen. Soldiers are larger than workers and remove dirt from the tunnels and defend the colony against predators. Mostly the rufous-beaked snake. If a snake tries to enter a tunnel, the soldiers block it with dirt. If they can't block it quickly, a soldier will sacrifice itself by letting the snake eat her or him. See similar questions...

The radio control system has a range of one half mile to two miles, depending on the terrian, he weather, who you ask, etc. But practically speaking, the helicopter becomes a tiny speck at 100 yards or more. If you can't see it clearly, you can't fly it properly. If you can't fly it carefully, you will crash it immediately. See similar questions...