replicating hepatitis B virus (HBV) will be highly infectious. If a person is HBsAg positive and HBeAg negative viral replication exists, but at a less intense level than if the patient were HBeAg positive. Hence, a person who is HBsAg positive IS infectious. See question 3 above. If the woman?s HBsAg status is unknown, the infant is to be treated as high-risk for hepatitis B exposure.

Available information suggests that persons with SARS are most likely to be contagious only when they have symptoms, such as fever or cough. Patients are most contagious during the second week of illness. However, as a precaution against spreading the disease, CDC recommends that persons with SARS limit their interactions outside the home (for example, by not going to work or to school) until 10 days after their fever has gone away and their respiratory (breathing) symptoms have gotten better. See similar questions...

False negative results are more common than false positives - and are primarily due to inaccuracies in timing of the test or carelessness in the test procedure itself. Please follow test instructions with circumspection and precision. A false negative result can also stem from using a diluted urine sample and/or from taking a test too early in pregnancy. First morning urine contains the most concentrated presence of hCG - which makes it the ideal sample for pregnancy testing. See similar questions...

With Autosomal Dominant PKD, the only form of PKD so far identified and confirmed in cats, two genetic negative parents cannot produce a genetically positive offspring unless that offspring is a fresh mutation. See the discussion on autosomal-dominant inheritance below for further details. See similar questions...

Do not attempt to interpret results after the five minute test reaction time. Depending on the concentration of hCG in the test specimen, positive results may be observed in as little as 40 seconds. However, to confirm negative results, the complete reaction time of 5 minutes is required. A positive result can only be determined within this time interval. See similar questions...

Being negative can be very positive. There is a difference between being nihilistic and being negative in the sense of being cautious and critical before believing a claim or accepting an explanation for something. A nihilist denies the value of everything. Many religious people are nihilists since they deny the value of anything in this world. The leaders of religions often reject family, reproduction, the joys of the body, the pleasures of art and nature. See similar questions...

Urine drug test may have picked up an over-the-counter medication or prescription. The confirmatory test will determine the difference in the substance detected. See similar questions...

The Pap test is a screening test and, like any such test, it is not 100-percent accurate. Although false positive and false negative results do not occur very often, they can cause anxiety and can affect a woman's health. A false positive Pap test means that a patient is told she has abnormal cells, but the cells are actually normal. A false negative Pap test occurs when a specimen is called normal, but the woman has a significant abnormality that was missed. See similar questions...

Yes, we request our patients to attend the support group, and ask other patients questions. It is also a great opportunity to learn how to be a successful gastric bypass patient. The more you attend support group, the better your results. See similar questions...

Yes. If you have a cat which tests positive on the ELISA test, you should immediately have an IFA test done. If it tests negative on the IFA test, you should have your cat retested with the ELISA test in 3 months. If a cat does not test negative again in roughly three months, chances are it will always test positive. Vets and virologists have devised an entire classification scheme of the different types of infected cats (transiently infected, persistently infected, etc. See similar questions...

Unfortunately, yes. Although false negatives are not very common, they do occur, because no test is 100% accurate all of the time. Unlike FIV, FeLV tests test for antigens, not antibodies, so maternal antibodies are not an interfering problem and kittens can be tested at any age. To be absolutely sure a cat is not FeLV+ you should test it twice, a few weeks apart (the cat should remain isolated from other cats during this period; too, otherwise there is little point in doing a second test). See similar questions...

Yes. Negatively-oriented persons can move toward positive behaviors. This change occurs when: (1) the negativity no longer pays-off, (2) the psychosomatic pains become too great and the palliative measures no longer work, (3) the persons are ready, willing and able to accept the appropriate responsibility and accountability necessary to turn themselves and their relationships around and (4) the persons are willing to make proper reparations and restitution for their hurtful effects. See similar questions...

When a new user first starts out, their reputation does not count. When the user starts earning rep points, they can give out rep points, but the neutral ones they gave out at first will not change. They will still have zero value. Not all users rep points are equal. These are the factors that determine how many reputation points a user can give with each click: 1. For each year of membership (since join date) the users gain 1 point of reputation-altering power. 2. See similar questions...

In the settings window, under the Topics tab, you choose between pursuing this topic with either positive attributes or negative attributes. (The default is Positive.) Put simply, you must decide whether all your attributes are to be phrased as good/desirable things, or all as bad/undesirable things. They can’t be a mixture of both. In our example, we're thinking of Neighbourhood, Garden, Transport and Shops as good things. See similar questions...

The sign--or polarity--of a lightning strike depends on what type of charge is lowered to ground. A negative cloud-to-ground flash means that negative charge is lowered to ground. In this case, excess negative charge occurred aloft in a thunderstorm, often at about 20,000 feet above sea level, and negative charge was brought down to the ground by the flash to try to equalize the electrical imbalance. See similar questions...

Besides the color, the difference is the size of the battery post. Positive posts are slightly bigger (larger diameter) than the negative posts. That's why those cheap "universal" battery terminals never fit quite right. They're too small for the positive post and too big for the negative. See similar questions...

A person with a positive reaction requires further evaluation. This person should be referred to a healthcare provider to have a chest x-ray or other clinical exams if indicated. The skin test should be examined (or read) 48-72 hours after it is administered. It is acceptable to read the skin test up to 96 hours after administration if it is not possible to read it earlier. After 96 hours, a skin test of less than 10 mm of induration should be repeated. See similar questions...