Section 1.6 sets MARC cataloging into context with EAD. At this point in the development of EAD, MARC catalog records constitute important navigational metadata that makes it both easier and more efficient to get to encoded finding aids from existing bibliographic and other systems.

The MARC 21 Format for Bibliographic Data is used by LC catalogers when inputting bibliographic records and data in LC's catalog system and other bibliographic utilities (i.e., RLIN and OCLC). The MARC 21 Format for Authority Data is used by LC catalogers when creating authority records for the name and subject authority files.

LC catalogers currently use Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules, 2nd edition, 1988 revision. The publications listed below are also used by LC catalogers (most of which are also included in the Cataloger's Desktop). For other documentation that relate more specifically to a function in LC (e.g., Copyright Cataloging Rules), refer to the list of contacts provided in answer 4.

Cataloging for LC collections is performed in many different areas of the Library although most of the books, music, sound recordings, microforms, and computer files are cataloged in LC's Cataloging Directorate. The following list includes categories of materials that are cataloged in other areas of the Library: Materials for the blind and physically handicapped, including braille, audio materials, etc.

The IMAP Cataloging Template is intended primarily for smaller organizations with collections of unique films, videotapes and audiotapes and no staff trained in cataloging. It is also intended for artists/producers. Organizations with professional cataloging staff may also find it to be a useful tool. It is not intended for home collections of commercially available materials.

Under the amended Compact, FSM Citizens are no longer required to apply for the EAD card for employment purposes. HOWEVER, it is very helpful and strongly recommended by the Embassy to have an EAD card to use for identification purposes. The only documents an FSM citizen must provide in order to be eligible to work are a valid passport and I94 card.

Due to EAD's basis in the platform-independent metalanguage SGML, users have a wide variety of hardware and software choices; no single environment is required. To be able to encode its own finding aids, a repository will need a minimum of a desktop computer and some sort of software for applying EAD tags to finding aid documents.

MARC stands for MAchine Readable Cataloging. It is a system designed to allow the computerized cataloging of library and archival materials. Originally designed for use on mainframes in the 1960s, it has been adapted to many types of computers and software. It is the most widely used system of computerized cataloging in the United States.

The necessary training will vary depending on the particular tasks that a staff member will be expected to perform. Those who will determine which EAD tags are to be applied to finding aids will need thorough familiarity with both the EAD Tag Library and chapter 3 of these Guidelines. As of 1998, the Society of American Archivists offers EAD workshops, as does the University of Virginia's summer Rare Book School program.

Cataloging in Publication (CIP) data is available only for works that are not yet published. Published works are not eligible for CIP data. All works, however, submitted to the Copyright Office to meet copyright obligations are also reviewed by Library of Congress selection officers. Works selected for addition to the Library's collections are assigned a cataloging priority and cataloged according to that priority.

LC's Cataloging Policy and Support Office (CPSO), a division in the Cataloging Directorate, is responsible for coordinating bibliographic cataloging policy throughout the Library. CPSO cataloging policy specialists work with LC management and staff in all areas of the Library to develop LC cataloging policy. The Copyright Cataloging Division is responsible for copyright cataloging policy.

Libraries throughout the world rely on LC cataloging, either directly through products from the LC Cataloging Distribution Service or by participating in bibliographic utilities or cataloging services. LC cataloging saves other U.S. libraries more than $268 million each year.

Cataloging documentation can be ordered directly from the Library of Congress' Cataloging Distribution Service (CDS). Ordering information is made available on the Web by CDS. The CDS home page provides more general information about obtaining LC cataloging documentation.

The following levels of cataloging are used at the Library of Congress: full-, core-, minimal-, and collection-level cataloging. For information about the Cataloging Directorate's application of these different cataloging levels for monographs, refer to "Modes of Cataloging Employed in the Cataloging Directorate." For information about cataloging levels for serials that are used in LC's Serial Record Division, refer to "CONSER Record Requirements for Full, Core, and Minimal Level Records."

The Network Development and MARC Standards Office at the Library of Congress and the Standards and the Support Office at the Library and Archives Canada maintain the MARC 21 formats. Input for development is provided by MARC 21 users from around the world, including libraries, library networks and utilities, and library system vendors. See http://www.loc.gov/marc/overview.html for more information about the development and maintenance of the formats.

The MARC 21 formats are updated annually in October. Other documentation is updated as it becomes necessary.

Understanding MARC Bibliographic is a good introduction to the MARC 21 bibliographic format and includes a bibliography, discussion questions and examples. It is widely used and has been translated into several different languages. Understanding MARC Authority Records is a good introduction to the MARC 21 authority format and includes a bibliography, discussion questions and examples.

The MARC 21 Translations page contains a list of documents that are either direct translations or close adaptations of the MARC 21 formats and other MARC documentation. Where applicable, information regarding differences between the translations and MARC 21 is provided. The formats are listed alphabetically by the language of each translation and include full bibliographic citations and contact information.

MARC 21 is not a new format. After having discussions and making minor changes to both formats that accommodated USMARC and CAN/MARC users' specific needs, the USMARC and CAN/MARC (Canadian MARC) formats were “harmonized” into MARC 21 in 1997. See http://www.loc.gov/marc/annmarc21.html for more information about the harmonization.

Answer: Our VOD service uses Microsoft's Windows Media Player to display the video clips. You actually download the clip to your hard drive (rather than stream it). The clips are encoded using Microsoft's Digital Rights Management (DRM) system. This protects them from piracy. When you spend tokens to view a clip, you are renting a license to view the clip for a set period of time, usually 30 days. You can watch the clip as many times as you want during your rental period.