Though it is common to deliver with a VCI without detriment to the baby, VCI carries risk even when not a vasa previa. VCI may be allowed a trial of labor if the vessels are away from the cervix. However, close continuous monitoring is mandatory. The vessels could rupture, and also pressure on the vessels could lead to fetal compromise. This can be detected early by monitoring.

Yes, velamentous cord insertion is also dangerous when the unprotected blood vessels are not crossing the cervix.

Published sources suggest that velamentous insertion occurs about 1-2 times per 100 pregnancies. Figures vary depending on whose study you read. Vasa previa is generally said to occur about 1:2-3000 pregnancies.

Velamentous cord is one step beyond a marginal insertion -- an exaggeration of the same process. The term "trophotropism" has been used to explain that a placenta seeks a best blood supply and can grow in the direct of favorable blood supply and can atrophy where the blood supply is less favorable. Lower uterine blood supply is less optimal than higher up. If the placenta implants low, it may "migrate" by differential proliferation and atrophy.

Yes. Velamentous insertion can be detected prior to birth using ultrasound, certainly with color Doppler ultrasound.

The theory about this that makes most sense is called Trophotropism. The easiest way to explain this is to make a comparison to a plant. A plant will lean towards the sun to get the light it needs to survive. Since the lower segment of the uterus is not as nourishing as the upper segment, the placenta will grow to reach more nourishing tissue. The placental mass will erode away from the cervix, but the vessels can't. This also explains the velamentous insertion of the cord.

Possibly. Unlike a placenta previa the vessels involved in a vasa previa are unlikely to erode away (which is how a placenta previa seemingly "moves"). There is a chance that this vessel will become thrombosed (plugged). This would take away the risk of fetal bleeding, but whether the baby would tolerate this depends on what proportion of the blood flows through this vessel.

Most likely the transverse lie is related to the low-lying placenta. When the placenta occupies the lower portion of the uterus, it prevents the head from engaging (going into the lower segment of the uterus, and the pelvis). Therefore, the baby may not be head first. The position of the vasa previa baby may also reflect an attempt by the baby to avoid compression of the velamentous vessels.

Vasa previa does have an association with a low-lying placenta, which may be associated with previous uterine surgery including prior cesarean, maternal smoking, multiple pregnancy (twins, triplets, etc), and also with assisted conception (artificial insemination, in-vitro fertilization, etc).

Published data on vasa previa mortality shows a rate of 30-100%. Data suggests that survival is practically 100% if the diagnosis of vasa previa is made prenatally, and the patient is delivered by elective cesarean section. We have 2 prenatally diagnosed babies on record that died. However, they died of other complications of pregnancy such as prematurity and placenta previa. Vasa previa can be diagnosed prenatally. The time has come when physicians should look actively for it.

With a vasa previa not associated with abnormal placental implantation (some form of placental previa) there should be no increase in third trimester bleeding. Bleeding from a vasa previa only occurs if the vessel is torn or ruptures. No. There is nothing that we actively do to stop bleeding from a placenta previa. Bleeding from a placenta previa occurs because the attachment of the placenta to the uterus breaks (peels off).

The answer to this is unknown. There are no lifestyle changes that affect the incidence of vasa previa. However, vasa previa does have an association with a low-lying placenta, which may be associated with prior cesarean, maternal smoking, multiple pregnancy, and also with assisted conception.

Maybe. Research has shown that women who have 2 insertions are half as likely to become pregnant as women who have only 1. Back to top of page

If she cannot return for the second insertion, she should go to the clinic as soon as possible to find out what to do next. Until she returns, she should continue to use another contraceptive method. If she does not return, the QS procedure is not complete and there is a higher chance she may become pregnant. Back to top of page

All potentised homeopathic medicines are safe for pregnant woman. Since pregnancy is a special period the medicine should be taken only after proper consultation. I have been suffering from a skin disorder for the past 6 years for which I have been taking homoeopathic treatment but the problem doesn’t seem to disappear permanently. It keeps recurring.

Yes! No problem ... but don't fall in love :) And don't go down dark streets at night, the same streets you wouldn't go in in your own hometown, and just be carefull while hitch hiking. Hitch hiking should be considered as a last resort.

Since the absorption through the fingertips can't be measured, the FDA considers it all to be absorbed, regardless of how infinitesimal the absorption actually is. If there were really a concern the FDA would require men, taking Propecia to wear condoms when their wife is pregnant, but they do not even recommend this.

Yes it is save for woman to travel alone but it is strongly advice not to travel of main routes and to isolated areas without the necessary planning, emergency numbers and safety tips.

We operate CCTV and are staffed twenty four hours a day, seven days a week, all year round. Ultimately the women need to help us if we are to ensure their safety but we do all we can to assist them, including helping them secure an injunction against their abuser, if necessary.

Absolutely, our team will look after your every need and we have female team members. It is advised of course for women not to go out alone in remote or unknown areas or slums areas in Rio de Janeiro. The people in Rio are very friendly and helpful .In the south, in Santa Catarina the violence is minimal as you are in a total beach environment and ecological paradise. The “Catarinense” are very friendly people and their origins are from the Dutch Germans and Italians.