For every grain of hardness in your water, 7.5 mg of Sodium will be *added* to each quart of water by the ion-exchange method. If you have water that is 10 grains per gallon hard; you will add 75.0 mg of Sodium per quart of water softened by ion-exchange. To put that in perspective, one 8-oz glass of milk contains 120 mg of Sodium, one slice of white bread contains 114 mg of Sodium. You must also remember that there is *probably* Sodium in the raw water, too.

For each grain per gallon (17.1 mg/L) of hardness, a softenener will put 30 mg/gal (7.9 mg/L) of sodium in the water. The US FDA defines the water that would result from softening 100 gpg (1710 mg/L) hard water as a "low sodium" beverage. It should be noted that Most of Maui's areas that are affected by hard water have hardness around 8 gpg.

Yes. When water containing hardness minerals is passed through a water softener, the hardness minerals are exchanged for sodium. The amount of sodium added is dependent upon the hardness of the water being softened. As an example, assuming that the water softener is functioning properly, your water softener is adding 7.8 mg per liter of sodium for every one grain per gallon of hardness that is removed.

Very little. In most cases, you'll find less sodium in a quart of conditioned water than in a slice of bread. If your doctor recommends a sodium-free diet, a reverse osmosis drinking water unit can reduce the total sodium content to near zero.

It all depends on the hardness of the raw water. The following table shows the additional amount of sodium consumed by drinking one quart of softened water.

No. Our water has a very low sodium level (10mg/1 or less). This is substantially lower than most well water supplies and many bottled water brands.

No. ZEVIA® has no calories, no carbohydrates, no sodium, and no fat. ZEVIA® is Nature's Answer To Diet Soda®.

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YES! Reverse Osmosis was originally designed R.O. make sea water drinkable for the navy. It is ideal for anyone on a low sodium diet. YES! An R.O. membrane has a pore size much smaller than bacteria virus, pyrogen microorganisms from tap water and produce sterile water.

Sodium Azide is a preservative that prevents bacteria from growing in the serum (bacteria can produce proteases that denature any proteins in the serum, including antibodies). We typically recommend adding azide unless the serum is going to be used directly in cell culture applications. Azide can be removed by using a dialysis membrane with a molecular weight cutoff between 12,000 and 14,000.

Not in the strict sense of the word “soften”. However, because some of the dissolved hardness is precipitated from the water, soap and detergent economies are made possible. A “soft” feel to water is often noticeable.

There will be times when you don't want to add moisture to your skin. Other times you want to add more than usual. Spray more MIST when you want more moisture or use the CREAM by itself for problems such as diaper rash or incontinence. If we added water to the CREAM, we would also need to add some chemicals to keep the CREAM from separating. Then we would be similar to so many others!

FOCUS has enhanced interaction with both acidic and basic functionalities via normal and reverse phase interactions, but is not an ion-exchange sorbent.

We now know that a single concentration of sodium - 90 meq/L - is suitable for all ages and most degrees of severity (except high output cholera in adults). This is the most robust level. Packet combined chemicals allow for greater safety, as bazaar salt is likely to be coarse and sucrose may be adulterated. Bazaar-bought chemicals may be more often available (not always: shortages of salt and sugar occur in the poorest countries), or perhaps cheaper.

Yes. Any CUNO water softener may use either Potassium or Sodium Chloride as a re-generant without changing settings. This is of special interest to anyone on a sodium-free or low sodium diet.

The City of Ann Arbor's drinking water averages 48.5 mg/l or ppm (parts per million). Most of this sodium is naturally occurring. Hardness in water reflects the mineral content - primarily calcium. These minerals are naturally occurring. The Ann Arbor Water Plant treats the water to reduce the hardness. How well this process works varies seasonally with the water temperature.

Example: if the water hardness is 20 grains per gallon, the softener will add 150 milligrams of sodium to each quart of water. That is equivalent to eating one slice of white bread a day.