Most survey benchmarks were not established by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), but by the National Coast and Geodetic Survey, and are available on the web from http://www.ngs.noaa.gov ["Data sheets"]. For further assistance call 301-713-3242 or e-mail infocenter@ngs.noaa.gov.

The benchmarks were derived from a compilation of research studies that have examined what are “typical” performance levels for students on these tasks. The most frequently cited source is (Fuchs, Fuchs, Hamlett, Walz, & Germann, 1993). Fuchs, L. S., Fuchs, D., Hamlett, C. L., Walz, L., & Germann, G. (1993). Formative evaluation of academic progress: How much growth can we expect? School Psychology Review, 22, 27-48. See similar questions...

Benchmarks in land surveying usually refer to a monument containing an elevation relative to sea level. The County Surveyor’s Office tries to maintain and perpetuate these for use by the development community, floodplain determinations and stormwater management. See similar questions...

The OpenGL Performance Characterization (OPC) project subgroup of the Graphics Performance Characterization (GPC) group manages two benchmarks. viewperf which tests performance of viewsets representative of different real-world workloads, and GLperf which tests the performance of low-level primitive operations such as drawing triangle strips and copying pixels. OPC maintains an independent Web site that describes the benchmarks in more detail and summarizes results reported by OpenGL vendors. See similar questions...

The benchmarks provide further guidance on how to move through majors. Also, some students currently remain too long in majors where they are neither succeeding nor progressing. Others are unsatisfied with their choice of major. Both groups are at risk of extending their time unnecessarily and thus making their degrees more costly. Both groups are also at risk of leaving the University without completing a degree. See similar questions...

For vertical and horizontal control information on all USGS survey benchmarks in the eastern U. S., contact USGS - Rolla, MO by telephone at (573) 308-3500 or (573) 308-3511 If you need information on a National Geodetic Survey (formerly Coast and Geodetic Survey [C & GS] ) benchmark contact: National Geodetic Survey, N/NGS12 1315 East-West Highway Silver Spring, MD 20910-3282 (Tel: 301-713-3242) (Fax: 301-713-4172) (http://www.ngs.noaa.gov/ - Click on products and services) See similar questions...

USGS scientists are collaborating with university, State, and Federal groups on a number of studies. Ecological studies focus on forage availability, habitat use, and bison population dynamics. Brucellosis research includes examining the risk of transmission of the disease from wildlife to cattle, identification of exposed animals in the field, and the safety of vaccines to wildlife species. See similar questions...

To get a good overview of the type of work our biologists are involved in, you are encouraged to "visit" our individual science centers by clicking on the interactive map at http://biology.usgs.gov/pub_aff/centers.html. If you wish to pursue an interest with a specific center, contact information is given at each Web site. All positions with the U.S. Geological Survey are posted on the online Jobs Bulletin http://www.usajobs.opm.gov/a.htm. Federal salaries can be found at http://www. See similar questions...

Information on USGS publications is available from the USGS Publications Warehouse at http://infotrek.er.usgs.gov/pubs. A list of publications about Connecticut is available on the District Public Home Page at http://ct.water.usgs.gov. Click on the blue box labeled "Publications", then click on "Publications about Connecticut".). Selected USGS Publications about Connecticut may be available from the local USGS office in East Hartford. See similar questions...

Visit the USGS Employment Page. There you will find information on current job openings, student employment, volunteer opportunities, and you can also submit your application online. back to top See similar questions...

Water quality and quantity are critical topics in which the USGS has developed expertise over many years. The relatively recent addition of biological science to our core programs gives us opportunities to apply science in a variety of new ways. The USGS did not do this research alone. See similar questions...

The Photographic Library, located in Denver, Colorado, is an archive of still photographs dating from the 1870's and taken by USGS scientists as part of their field studies. The works of pioneer photographers W.H. Jackson, T.H. O'Sullivan, Carleton Watkins, J.K. Hillers, Thomas Moran, A.J. Russell, E.O. Beaman, and William Bell are represented in the collection. See similar questions...

Out-of-print USGS publications and maps, depending on series and date, can be obtained in one of four ways: Borrow from your local public, academic, or corporate library through a request for interlibrary loan. Purchase through a document delivery service company. Several are listed on the web at http://www.docdel.com/Geology_and_Earth_Sciences.html http://www.google.com (Search title in quotations.) http://www.minerant.org/dealersBKS.html http://www.lib.umn.edu/libdata/page. See similar questions...

USGS-authored or produced data and information are in the public domain. While the content of most USGS web pages and reports are in the public domain, not all information, illustrations, or photographs are. Some are used by USGS with permission. For other uses, you may need to obtain permission from the copyright holder under the copyright law. You are welcome to make a link to any of the Web pages USGS has published on the Internet. There is no need to request permission. See similar questions...

The price for the USGS primary series topographic quadrangle maps (7.5 minute 1:24,000, 1:25,000, and 1:20,000 scales and 7.5 x 15 minute 1:25,000 and 1:63,360 scales) is $6.00 each. The price for National Earthquake Information Center (NEIC) maps bearing a private sector copyright (Raven, Unique Media), for which royalties are paid, is $10.00 per sheet. See similar questions...

Refer to http://ask.usgs.gov/prices/payment_methods.html for the information on all payment methods accepted by the USGS. See similar questions...

First identify the quadrangles you need from the state index, which can be obtained from the USGS by calling 1-888-ASK-USGS or from the Pennsylvania Geological Survey by calling 717-787-2169. Index maps for Pennsylvania and surrounding states are also available in local USGS offices for viewing only (see question26). Online USGS facilities to assist in finding and ordering maps are available at http://edcwww.cr.usgs.gov/products/map.html. See similar questions...

SPECweb99 is a standardized test. The SPEC membership - leading vendors, systems integrators, universities, research organizations, publishers and consultants - has agreed on a single benchmark with one standardized implementation and workload. Before any SPECweb99 results are published, SPEC requires that the system under test and the methodology used adhere to agreed-upon standards (the run rules). See similar questions...

The two benchmarks will be very similar except for the EJB specification used. While the EJB 2.0 specification is complete, there are vendors who are not able to publish benchmark results using the EJB 2.0 specification yet. There are also vendors who will not be able to publish benchmark results using the EJB 1.1 specification. To allow vendors in either situation to publish results it was decided to release two benchmarks, one supporting each specification. See similar questions...