Hansen's disease (named for Norwegian scientist Gerhard Armauer Hansen) is a chronic, infectious disease caused by a bacillus, Mycobacterium leprae. This disease usually affects the nerves, skin and eyes.

There is a strong negative association with the derogatory term "leper." In the United States the disease's name has been changed officially to Hansen's disease.

Hansen's disease is one of the least contagious of all communicable diseases. Only 5% of the world's population are susceptible to the disease. It is very difficult to contract.

Hansen’s disease (named for Norwegian scientist Gerhard Armauer Hansen) is a chronic, infectious disease caused by a bacillus, Mycobacterium leprae. This disease usually affects the nerves, skin and eyes.

The Kalihi Hospital and Detention Station on O'ahu opened in 1865 for the admission of Hansen's disease patients. Operating until 1875, it served as a hospital for people with milder cases of the disease, and as temporary detention for people with advanced cases. The latter were usually sent eventually to Kalawao and Kalaupapa on Moloka'i. The Branch Hospital at Kaka'ako on O'ahu opened in 1881 as a "receiving station" for people suspected of having the disease.

There is a strong negative association with the derogatory term "leper." In the United States the disease's name has been changed officially to Hansen's disease.

Leprosy is a chronic disease caused by a bacillus, mycobacterium leprae. Mycobacterium leprae multiplies very slowly. The incubation period is about three to five years but signs and symptoms can take as long as 20 years to appear. Leprosy is not highly infectious. It is transmitted via droplets from the nose and mouth or via the skin during close and frequent contact with untreated, infected persons.

In Peyronie’s disease, penile curvature is caused by an inelastic scar or plaque that shortens the involved part of the tunica albuginea of the corpora cavernosa when erection happens. In about one third of patients, scarring involves the dorsal and ventral aspects of the shaft. The offsetting plaques may make the penis straight but shortened or may have a lateral bend.

The bacterium that causes Johne's disease is named Mycobacterium paratuberculosis often the name is abbreviated M. paratuberculosis. M. paratuberculosis is a relative of the bacterium that causes tuberculosis in humans (Mycobacterium tuberculosis), cattle (Mycobacterium bovis), and birds (Mycobacterium avium - Some taxonomists favor the name Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis for the organism that causes Johne's disease, since genetically it is closely related to M. avium. M.

M. paratuberculosis infects the last part of the small intestine (called the ileum) and causes a certain kind of inflammation called granulomatous inflammation. This inflammation thickens the intestinal wall, preventing it from functioning normally. This, among other factors, causes diarrhea and poor absorption of nutrients. As a result, even though animals will seem to be feeling and eating well, they will rapidly lose weight.

There are several reasons why patients develop serious gum disease. Although there may be some hereditary influence, the majority of gum problems result from controllable factors. Patients who have neglected regular home care like brushing and flossing, or who have failed to visit a dentist for professional cleaning, tartar removal and oral evaluation often develop signs of gum disease.

Unfortunately, the causes of inflammatory bowel disease are not well understood. Usually, a cause is not found. The basic theory is that "something" is leading to a chronic stimulus of inflammation. This could be an allergy against a food protein, the continuing presence of a parasite, inflammatory products produced by the normal bacteria living in the intestine or there may be an underlying problem with the immune system in affected individuals.

Chronic kidney disease is caused by damage to the kidneys. By far the most common causes of this damage are: Kidney diseases and infections, such as polycystic kidney disease, pyelonephritis, and glomerulonephritis, or a kidney problem you were born with. Long-term use of medicines that can damage the kidneys. Examples include pain medicines, like acetaminophen (such as Tylenol) and ibuprofen (such as Advil), and certain antibiotics.

Research to date has not been able to identify the exact cause of this condition. There is evidence to suggest that some people may have a genetic predisposition to Parkinson's, but there is no clear evidence to suggest that it is hereditary. Other risk factors that have been identified are head injury, direct occupational pesticide exposure and the age-related loss of brain cells that transmit nerve impulses. Despite popular belief, Parkinson's is not found only in the elderly.

Doctors don't know what causes Crohn's disease. You may get it when the body's immune system has an abnormal response to normal bacteria in your intestine. Other kinds of bacteria and viruses may also play a role in causing the disease. Crohn's disease can run in families. Your chances of getting it are higher if a close family member has it. People of Eastern European (Ashkenazi) Jewish family background may have a higher chance of getting Crohn's disease.

Hansen's disease is another name for leprosy. It is called after Dr. G.A. Hansen, the Norwegian doctor who discovered the M. leprae bacillus in 1873. As the word leprosy is related to the derogatory word 'leper' in countries such as Brazil, Japan and the United States the term 'Hansen's disease' is preferred. top

Meniere’s disease is a disorder that produces a group of symptoms: sudden attacks of whirling dizziness, tinnitus or head noise, a feeling of pressure or fullness in the ear, and a fluctuating hearing loss. While the underlying cause is not known, it is believed to result from a fluctuation in the pressure of fluid that fills the inner ear. An attack may last from a few hours to several days.

IBD is often diagnosed during young adulthood, but about 150,000 of the 1.4 million patients with IBD in the United States are among children under age 17. Pediatric Crohn’s disease presents unique challenges in that it can interfere with a child’s growth and development as well as school, social, and family life. Treatment for pediatric Crohn’s is similar to that of adult Crohn’s.