Air/Fuel Ratio Primer: When air and gasoline are mixed together and ignited, the chemical reaction requires a certain amount of air to completely burn all of the fuel. The exact amount is 14.7 lbs of air for every pound of fuel. This is called the "stoichiometric" air/fuel ratio or 14.7:1 a/f. It's also referred to the Greek letter "lambda." Lean mixtures improve fuel economy but also cause a sharp rise in oxides of nitrogen (NOX).

The oxygen sensor light is attached to a small odometer which trips a switch every 30/60k miles. To turn the oxy light off, you have to reset that odometer. VW has two locations for this unit: Either somewhere along the speedometer cable, or as part of the instrument cluster. Jettas & Golfs: Remove the coolant reservoir to locate the box with the white recessed switch. Push it in far until you hear a satisfying click. You should only need to push once. See similar questions...

Change the oxygen sensor (aka Lambda Sensor), and reset the oxygen sensor light. Oxygen sensors are to be changed every 30k/60k miles depending on your car. Many claim that the newer heated 3 wire ox. sensor can last a lot longer than the designated 30/60 k miles. This is probably true, but when it does go, your car will run very rich! Some have reported poor running conditions, rough idle and significant loss of power as well (recent news thread on r.a.t). See similar questions...

The standard Teledyne cell recommended for use with the VR3 and a rebreather linking cable is the R22 with a 3.5 mini jack connection system. See similar questions...

Use a DC voltmeter. Test the voltmeter on a known voltage first such as a AA battery. Now test the cell. To test a cell with the molex (rebreather) style connection you touch the voltmeter probes to the two outside pins. To test an analyser cell you fit it to the cable and touch the voltmeter to the two pins on the VR3 end of the cable, taking care not to short the probes to the cable end casing. See similar questions...

The warranty, expected life, and shelf life starts from the date of shipment. It is not determined by the date code. The class B1 sensor, for example, has a warranty life of 6 months starting from the date it is shipped from our factory. See similar questions...

The Surveyor 4a can be equipped with a Barometric Pressure option that will allow you to determine the BP at your specific site. However, if you need to determine the BP without using the Surveyor or another portable BP measurement instrument, you can contact the local airport and get the current Barometric pressure in mm/Hg. See similar questions...

Typical sensor life is 2-3 years. This assumes proper maintenance, and infrequent exposure to concentrations well above the intended measuring range of the instrument. See similar questions...

Campers are supervised during their entire time at the camp. Campers are assigned to a coach for their daily baseball activities and to an overnight counselor during the overnight portion of the camp. Each head coach is responsible for 10 campers, we have assistant coaches on staff as well so the coach to camper ratio is less than 10:1. See similar questions...

The CS1000 includes a surface level sensing system which automatically stops the sensor when it comes in contact with any physical object. The sensor cartridge itself is mechanically flexible and should not damage the device under test. In addition, the software has been designed and tested with many features specifically intended not to allow the user to physically damage the sensor or any other object in the scan area. See similar questions...

Flaming is when someone shouts at another person in a vain attempt to convince them that whatever that other person said or believes in is unconditionally wrong or stupid. Avoid getting into flame wars, and if flamed, laugh it off or ask someone else what you did wrong. See similar questions...

Oxygen includes 21% of the atmosphere at all altitudes. The remaining atmosphere consists of 78% nitrogen and 1 % traces of other gases. Oxygen under normal conditions is an odorless, colorless, tasteless, non-combustible gas. It is the most important single element on earth. At each breath we fill our lungs with air. Millions of tiny air sacs (known as "alveoli") in our lungs inflate like tiny balloons. See similar questions...

Stratospheric ozone depletion, caused by increasing concentrations of human-produced chemicals, has increased since the 1980s. The springtime loss in Antarctica is the largest depletion. Currently, in nonpolar regions, the ozone layer has been depleted up to several percent compared with that of two decades ago. the figure below indicates, the magnitude of ozone depletion varies between the regions of the Earth. See similar questions...

Ozone depletion occurs when the natural balance between the production and destruction of stratospheric ozone is tipped in favour of destruction. Observations of an antarctic ozone "hole" and atmospheric records indicating seasonal declines in global ozone levels provide strong evidence that global ozone depletion is occurring. Although natural phenomena can cause temporary ozone loss, chlorine and bromine released from synthetic compounds are now accepted as the main cause of this depletion. See similar questions...

All life on Earth is placed into groupings based on similarities and differences in characteristics. Individuals with the same characteristics are called species. Many species are interdependent, meaning that life forms depend on other life forms for their own survival. Over billions of years, a delicate symbiotic relationship between species has evolved. It is this natural balance which allows life to survive in the way it does. See similar questions...

Number depletion refers to the shrinking number of phone numbers available for distribution. Some of the causes of number depletion are the increase in demand for new phone numbers for cell phones and pagers. See similar questions...