Herpes simplex virus is one of a family of herpes viruses all of which, once caught, remain in the body. There are two types: Herpes simplex virus: type 1 and type 2. Both types can cause symptoms on the genitals, the face (facial cold sores), or the hands (called whitlows on finger or hand).

Sometimes. Any infection can be serious if you have it at the wrong time – if you have other health problems. If you have just had an organ transplant, catching a cold can be dangerous. In other words, anyone whose immune system is compromised is at greater risk. Babies whose mothers have not had herpes simplex can be infected. Small babies have immature immune systems so this can be serious. To be on the safe side, anyone with cold sores on the face should not kiss young babies.

If you have caught herpes simplex before becoming pregnant you can give birth normally. This is because during the last few months of pregnancy, babies in the womb develop antibodies to all the infections (‘childhood illnesses’) that their mothers have previously caught (and have antibodies for). These protect the baby from infection during childbirth and for 3 to 6 months afterwards; longer when breastfed.

Up to 20 million Americans suffer from genital herpes. Half a million new cases are diagnosed every year...

The only way to find out what is causing a genital problem is to go to a clinic or doctor. We recommend that you attend a sexual health clinic or department of genito-urinary medicine. There is probably one at your local hospital. There is sometimes no need to make an appointment, but if you do have to, tell them you think it is herpes simplex – then they may see you sooner as it can only be diagnosed while you have symptoms.

About six out of ten people in the UK carry type 1 and about one in ten carries type 2, more in the sexually active population. Most facial cold sores are caused by type 1. Herpes simplex on the genitals may be type 1 or type 2.

Either type can be contracted on the face or on the genitals. The only difference to you is that type 1 is more likely to recur when it is caught on the face and type 2 is more likely to recur when affecting the genitals. Type 1 does not often recur if caught on the genitals. There is no difference in the visible symptoms caused by the two types, so it is only possible to establish which type you have caught through a laboratory test. Both viruses are called herpes simplex virus.

The virus is passed directly from skin to skin with friction. It enters easily through mucous membranes, i.e. the moist skin which lines the mouth and genital-anal area. It can also enter through a cut or break in the ordinary skin on other parts of the body: fingers/hands, knees, etc. We call it a whitlow when it's on the fingers.

Once you get herpes virus, it never leaves your body. The only thing you can do is to get it treated whenever it shows up as sores with blisters. After treatment the virus goes back into dormancy, but does not get eliminated from body. Whenever it gets triggered again, it will show up as a sore. To find more about treatment click here- Herpes Simplex Treatment

Herpes Simplex appears as sores with blisters. This disease recurs during the lifetime. Once you catch it, it never leaves your body, so you can have recurrences. Cold sores normally form around the mouth, while genital herpes shows up on the genitals. Herpes Simplex virus 1 is generally caught in the childhood while the genital infection from HSV2 is caused by sexual contact in the adulthood. Your partner may show no signs of having Herpes Simplex and may be unaware that they are the carriers.

The virus is caught off the skin, not from objects. It is a delicate virus and dies quickly when away from the skin where the sore is. There is more about transmission in our "Transmission" leaflet -available to members -see subscription form.

Yes, if a person with a cold sore on the mouth does oral sex he or she can give his/her partner ‘cold sores on the genitals’ which is genital herpes. Also, cold sores on the face may be caught from someone with genital herpes through oral sex. See the description of the two types.

The risk of spreading the herpes-simplex virus is greatest when fluid has already formed in the blisters and these then burst.

Yes, it is considered a sexually transmitted infection and can be transmitted even if there is not an active lesion.

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Another name for shingles is herpes zoster. Some other skin diseases may also carry the name herpes. Shingles disease however and some other skin diseases carrying the name herpes is not the same as genital herpes which is a sexually transmitted disease.

Genital herpes is a sexually transmitted disease caused by the herpes simplex virus. There are two primary types of genital herpes called HSV-1 and HSV-2. Although the herpes simplex virus can stay in the a personas body indefinitely, the number of outbreaks tends to decrease over a long period of time.