Stem cells are used today in the treatment of leukemia, breast cancer, lymphoma, Hodgkin's Disease, Aplastic Anemia, Sickle Cell Anemia, various other cancers, blood diseases, hereditary/genetic conditions and immune system disorders. There are approximately 1.4 million new cancer cases each year. As stem cell transplants become routine, they may be used to fight lung cancer, Multiple Sclerosis, Lupus, AIDS and many genetic diseases.

The most promising use of stem cells is due to their ability to be modified into different functional adult cell types and serve as a potential source of replacement cells to treat numerous diseases.

Not in verifiable published studies. Some researchers in other countries have claimed success, but they have not published their results in a format that most scientists will accept. Embryonic stem-cell research is in the early stages. The first embryonic stem cells were isolated only recently -- in 1998, by Dr. James Thomson and his colleagues at the University of Wisconsin. Federal funds for research on human embryonic stem cells were not available until 2001.

Human embryonic stem cells are thought to have much greater developmental potential than adult stem cells. This means that embryonic stem cells may be pluripotent—that is, able to give rise to cells found in all tissues of the embryo except for germ cells rather than being merely multipotent—restricted to specific subpopulations of cell types, as adult stem cells are thought to be.

Blood cells grow in the same way as other human cells. They are developed in the bone marrow from a parent cell known as a “stem cell.” These stem cells begin to divide and mature until they are fully developed, forming all the different types of blood cells: white blood cells, platelets and red blood cells. Stem cells are usually found inside the bone marrow spaces of large bones, however, they can also travel from one bone to the other by way of the blood system.

Stem cells are used today in the treatment of leukemia, breast cancer, lymphoma, Hodgkin's disease, aplastic anemia, various other cancers, blood diseases, hereditary/genetic conditions and immune system disorders. There are approximately 1.4 million new cancer cases each year. As stem cell transplants become more routine they may be used to fight lung cancer, sickle cell anemia, multiple sclerosis, lupus, AIDS and many genetic diseases. See CORD BLOOD INFORMATION at www.cordbloodsolutions.

In spite of extensive tissue typing before transplantation, the patient may develop a reverse rejection reaction (GvHD). These reactions vary in intensity and can be treated with drugs. The GvHD (Graft versus Host Disease) has nothing to do with whether the donor's stem cells are faulty. It is rather the case that not all factors which lead to a GvHD have yet been identified by research.

least 70 diseases have been treated with stem cells. These include cancers (leukemias, lymphomas, myelomas), blood disorders (thalassemias, sickle cell anemia, Fanconi's anemia), immune deficiency diseases, genetic diseases and others. StemCyte has now supplied cord blood units for over 40 different life-threatening diseases.

Some, including President Bush, believe that using embryonic stems cells is a complex issue that, "forces us to confront fundamental questions about the beginnings of life and the ends of science. It lies at a difficult moral intersection, juxtaposing the need to protect life in all its phases with the prospect of saving and improving life in all its stages.

long as the embryonic stem cells in culture are grown under certain conditions, they can remain undifferentiated (unspecialized). But if cells are allowed to clump together to form embryoid bodies, they begin to differentiate spontaneously. They can form muscle cells, nerve cells, and many other cell types. Although spontaneous differentiation is a good indication that a culture of embryonic stem cells is healthy, it is not an efficient way to produce cultures of specific cell types.

Embryonic stem cells are undifferentiated, meaning that they don't belong to one specific organ. They have the potential to generate any type of tissue in the body. The potential that embryonic stem cells present to scientists is immeasurable. There have already been promising findings in the field of Parkinson's research using embryonic stem cells in mice and monkeys.

Embryonic stem cells are derived at a very early stage of development called a blastocyst. This is a simple ball of about 100 cells that is similar in all species of animals at this stage of development. Embryonic stem cells are derived from the cells in the center of this blastocyst. Blastocysts are obtained from in vitro fertilization clinics. These clinics have produced an estimated 500,000 healthy, much-loved children over the two decades of their existence.

Stem cells are cells that have the remarkable potential to develop into many different cell types in the body. Serving as a sort of repair system for the body, they can theoretically divide without limit to replenish other cells for as long as the person or animal is still alive. When a stem cell divides, each "daughter" cell has the potential to either remain a stem cell or become another type of cell with a more specialized function, such as a muscle cell, a red blood cell, or a brain cell.

Pluripotent stem cells are isolated from human embryos that are a few days old. Cells from these embryos can be used to create pluripotent stem cell "lines" —cell cultures that can be grown indefinitely in the laboratory. Pluripotent stem cell lines have also been developed from fetal tissue obtained from fetal tissue (older than 8 weeks of development).

Bone marrow is the soft, sponge-like material found inside bones. It contains immature cells called stem cells that produce blood cells. There are three types of blood cells: white blood cells, which fight infection; red blood cells, which carry oxygen to and remove waste products from organs and tissues; and platelets, which enable the blood to clot. Most stem cells are found in the bone marrow, but some stem cells called peripheral blood stem cells (PBSCs) can be found in the bloodstream.