Tay-Sachs disease is an autosomal recessive disease. This means that to have the disease, you must inherit a gene for the disease from both parents. If you inherit the gene from only one parent, you are a carrier, meaning that you carry the gene for Tay-Sachs but do not get the disease. To inherit the classical or infantile form, you must inherit from both parents the gene that cannot produce hex A (inactive hex A gene).

Tay-Sachs disease is a rare genetic disorder in which little or no hexosaminidase A (hex A) enzyme is produced by the body. Hex A is necessary to break down normal fatty compounds (called gangliosides) in the body cells. When these fatty compounds are not broken down, they gradually accumulate and damage brain and nerve cells, making the cells unable to function properly. In the classical or infantile form (the most common type), the body produces no hex A.

A physical examination and a blood test to measure the level of hex A is used to diagnose and screen for Tay-Sachs disease. A positive Tay-Sachs screen blood test may need to be confirmed with other genetic tests.

If either you or your partner is Ashkenazi Jew or of French-Canadian or Cajun descent or has a family history of Tay-Sachs disease, that person needs to be tested for the Tay-Sachs trait. If that person tests positive, the partner also needs to be tested. If both of you test positive, you should consider genetic counseling before having children.

The bacterium that causes Johne's disease is named Mycobacterium paratuberculosis often the name is abbreviated M. paratuberculosis. M. paratuberculosis is a relative of the bacterium that causes tuberculosis in humans (Mycobacterium tuberculosis), cattle (Mycobacterium bovis), and birds (Mycobacterium avium - Some taxonomists favor the name Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis for the organism that causes Johne's disease, since genetically it is closely related to M. avium. M.

M. paratuberculosis infects the last part of the small intestine (called the ileum) and causes a certain kind of inflammation called granulomatous inflammation. This inflammation thickens the intestinal wall, preventing it from functioning normally. This, among other factors, causes diarrhea and poor absorption of nutrients. As a result, even though animals will seem to be feeling and eating well, they will rapidly lose weight.

There are several reasons why patients develop serious gum disease. Although there may be some hereditary influence, the majority of gum problems result from controllable factors. Patients who have neglected regular home care like brushing and flossing, or who have failed to visit a dentist for professional cleaning, tartar removal and oral evaluation often develop signs of gum disease.

Unfortunately, the causes of inflammatory bowel disease are not well understood. Usually, a cause is not found. The basic theory is that "something" is leading to a chronic stimulus of inflammation. This could be an allergy against a food protein, the continuing presence of a parasite, inflammatory products produced by the normal bacteria living in the intestine or there may be an underlying problem with the immune system in affected individuals.

Chronic kidney disease is caused by damage to the kidneys. By far the most common causes of this damage are: Kidney diseases and infections, such as polycystic kidney disease, pyelonephritis, and glomerulonephritis, or a kidney problem you were born with. Long-term use of medicines that can damage the kidneys. Examples include pain medicines, like acetaminophen (such as Tylenol) and ibuprofen (such as Advil), and certain antibiotics.

Research to date has not been able to identify the exact cause of this condition. There is evidence to suggest that some people may have a genetic predisposition to Parkinson's, but there is no clear evidence to suggest that it is hereditary. Other risk factors that have been identified are head injury, direct occupational pesticide exposure and the age-related loss of brain cells that transmit nerve impulses. Despite popular belief, Parkinson's is not found only in the elderly.

Doctors don't know what causes Crohn's disease. You may get it when the body's immune system has an abnormal response to normal bacteria in your intestine. Other kinds of bacteria and viruses may also play a role in causing the disease. Crohn's disease can run in families. Your chances of getting it are higher if a close family member has it. People of Eastern European (Ashkenazi) Jewish family background may have a higher chance of getting Crohn's disease.

This is the question most often asked, but unfortunately the answer is still not known. It is likely that several factors work together. There may be an inherited predisposition that places an individual at higher risk of developing IBD. Research among families with more than one affected member will be important in discovering what accounts for this predisposition. Some trigger in the environment sets up the inflammation, and in the predisposed individual this does not go away.

My personal research and experience shows certain life situations and conditions can trigger the onset of this disease. In general this is stress, improper diet, major stress situations or a combination of these factors. In most of the cases your eyes will recover, once your tests become normal and your symptoms are under control. However there are certain methods like eye exercises, cold compress, flax seed oil, lubricating drops etc that can improve your condition and relief your pain.

Newcastle Disease is caused by a Paramyxovirus. It is very resistant and survives a pH of 2 to 12, heating to 130° F (56° C) for 3 hours, and can survive freezing indefinitely. Extended drying and ultraviolet light will kill the virus. END virus can survive for several weeks in the warmth and humid environment of a poultry production unit on feathers, in manure, and other materials.

In normal digestion, the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) opens to allow food to pass into the stomach and closes to prevent food and acidic stomach juices from flowing back into the esophagus. Gastroesophageal reflux occurs when the LES is weak or relaxes inappropriately, allowing the stomach's contents to flow up into the esophagus. The severity of GERD depends on LES dysfunction, as well as the type and amount of fluid brought up from the stomach and the neutralizing effect of saliva.