DCIS refers to a group of cells that are different from normal cells. It is the most common type of noninvasive breast cancer. Invasive cancer has spread beyond the area of tissue in which it developed and is growing into surrounding, healthy tissues. Metastatic cancer cells have left the original site and moved into healthy tissue and other sites in the body.

DCIS is a relatively new diagnosis because mammography has become a routine part of medical care. It is a term used to describe breast duct cells that are growing inappropriately inside the ducts and look like cancer cells under the microscope. Something happens genetically to make DCIS cells change. Because some of them may become cancer cells, women cannot ignore or dismiss a DCIS diagnosis. See similar questions...

The term metastatic breast cancer indicates that the cancer has spread from the breast to other parts of the body such as bone, lung, liver, or brain. See similar questions...

Cancer is the growth of abnormal cells in the body. These extra cells grow together and form masses, or tumors. In colorectal cancer, these growths happen in the large intestine (colon and rectum). Cancers of the colon and the rectum are often talked about together as colorectal cancer because they have so much in common. See similar questions...

Answer: Invasive colorectal cancer involves abnormal cells from the colon or rectum which can invade nearby tissues and can spread to other parts of the body. See similar questions...

Answer: Invasive breast cancer involves abnormal breast cells which have spread outside the breast duct or lobule where they began. This type of cancer accounts for 80% of breast cancer cases. When the term "breast cancer" is used, it generally means invasive breast cancer. See similar questions...

The term you are seeking is cryotherapy for prostate cancer. It is relatively new. Prostate cryotherapy is surgery, but it is minimally invasive, using freeze and thaw cycles to destroy the disease. See similar questions...

The exact cause is not known, but the cancer is more likely to come back or spread if it is in a later, more advanced stage when it is first discovered. See similar questions...

Colon or rectal cancer that has returned or spread is diagnosed using a physical exam and several tests, including blood tests, chest X-rays, bone scans, ultrasounds, and CT, PET, or MRI scans. The diagnosis is usually confirmed with a biopsy. During this test, your doctor will remove polyps or take tissue samples from any areas that don't look normal. The tissue will be looked at under a microscope to see if it contains cancer. See similar questions...

When cancer cells break away from the malignant tumor in the prostate and spread to another part of the body such as bone, it is called metastatic prostate cancer. See similar questions...

Breast cancer occurs when abnormal cells grow out of control in one or both breasts. Treatment often cures breast cancer if it is found early. But even after treatment that seemed to work, cancer can come back (recur) or spread (metastasize) to other parts of the body. Cancer that comes back in or near the original site is called locally recurrent breast cancer. Cancer that spreads to other parts of the body is called metastatic breast cancer. See similar questions...

If you have osteoporosis or are at high risk for breast cancer, EVISTA can be used to lower your chance of getting invasive breast cancer. EVISTA will not totally get rid of your chance of getting invasive breast cancer. Your doctor can estimate your risk of invasive breast cancer by asking you about risk factors. You and your doctor should talk about whether the possible benefit of EVISTA in lowering your chance of getting invasive breast cancer is greater than its possible risks. See similar questions...

In traditional knee replacement, an approximately 10 to 12 inch skin incision is made centered over the knee. This is followed by making an incision into the quadriceps tendon above the knee, down the side of the kneecap and two inches below the joint and then the kneecap is flipped 180 degrees and off to the side (everted). The knee is then bent up to expose the bones of the knee for resurfacing with the knee prosthesis. See similar questions...

The difference is in the size of the skin incision and, more importantly, how much muscle and tissue is cut to put the total joint components in. Cutting less muscle results in less pain, less swelling and potentially a quicker recovery. No, the same components are used in MIS hip replacement surgery that are used in traditional surgery. They are just put in through smaller incisions in the skin and muscle using specialized instruments. See similar questions...

Primary brain tumors originate in the brain itself. Primary brain tumors do not spread from the brain to other parts of the body, except in rare cases. Pathologists classify primary brain tumors into two groups: glial tumors (gliomas), and non-glial tumors. Gliomas are composed of glial cells, which include astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, ependymal cells, Schwann cells, microglia, and satellite cells. See similar questions...

A tumor that starts growing in the brain is a primary brain tumor. These tumors may spread within the brain, but rarely travel to other sites in the body. Metastatic brain tumors are formed from cancer cells that originate in other parts of the body, and travel to the brain to form tumors. Cancers of the lung, breast, colon and melanoma often spread to the brain. See similar questions...

Since the small incisions used in minimally invasive procedures do not cut across large tissue areas, scarring tends to be significantly reduced. Patients who are appropriate candidates for a minimally invasive procedure usually stay in the hospital from one to three days, instead of the five to seven days required for open surgery. In many cases, recovery time can be as little as one to two weeks, as compared with four to six weeks for open surgery. See similar questions...

The OAG acknowledges that the Cancer Audit has taken longer than promised but in their view it would have been difficult to complete any earlier. They comment that the Ministry of Health under-estimated the size of the task, as did clearly the Committee of Inquiry when they recommended it be completed within 6 months. See similar questions...