Place the stone in a clean, dry container. DO NOT PLACE IN FORMALIN. Complete the Non-Gyn Requisition (blue) and submit the specimen to the laboratory.

Urine pH. pH is an indicator of acidity level. It can be measured via hydrogen ion concentration. a pH of 7 is neutral, below 7 is acidic and above 7 is alkaline. Generally, dogs tend to have slightly acidic urine around 6 - 6.5. Unfortunately, calcium oxalate stones have a propensity to form in acidic to neutral urine. Urine pH needs to be measure immediately upon voiding from the bladder for it to be accurate. Have your vet check this while assessing your Chi's symptoms.

For calcium calculi such as calcium oxalate (in monohydrate or dihydrate form), hydroxyapatite, brushite or mix, unfortunately there is no medication that dissolves them in vivo, inside the organism. However fragmentation inside the organism can be done (there are diverse techniques) facilitating the expulsion of smaller size fragments.

Patients with NDI must restrict their sodium intake and take thiazides and/or other diuretics all their life if they want to reduce the level of urine output. Dehydration is the most serious risk and is greatest during infancy. However, dehydration can also pose a risk for adults if they become separated from an unlimited supply of fresh water. Hypertrophy (overgrowth) of the bladder (floppy bladder) and ureters can also occur and cause stasis and chronic urinary infection.

Stones can be caused by a genetic weakness, chemical exposure or poor quality diet and lifestyle. No, we do not believe you need a 'special' diet. Our experience shows you need a complete, high quality, easy to digest diet with proper supplementation to address the cause directly. We do not endorse prescription diets due to the poor quality ingredients they typically contain.

The cells lining the bladder and urinary tracts can begin to grow in an uncontrolled manner resulting in the disease know as bladder cancer. Transitional cells line the bladder proper and are so named because they transition from square when the bladder is empty to flat when the bladder is full. Transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) is the most frequently occurring malignancy of the urinary tract in dogs. The incidence increases with the dog's age.

The body is made of many systems that work together to provide health, wellness and daily function. When one of these systems is not working together with the others, diseases or a state of illness occurs. The immune system is the "watchdog" of the body. It protects the body from substances that don't belong there. These foreign substances can be bacteria, viruses, or tissue from another person or living thing.

Kidney stones that block or obstruct the flow of urine within the urinary tract may be responsible for infection or even deterioration of renal function.

The Kidney Cars Program is a year round fundraising program of the National Kidney Foundation of Western New York. People can make a charitable donation to the foundation in the form of a used car. Donated cars are towed FREE OF CHARGE from their location and then sold at dealer-only auctions or for parts. Kidney Cars are: used cars, trucks, boats, the occasional tank, we've even taken a private jet or two.

The human kidneys are paired organs, which are positioned just in front of the 11th and 12th ribs. The kidneys are responsible for filtering water and other substances from the blood. The combination of these filtered substances and water is known as urine. Several of the substances commonly found in urine have the ability to crystallize. These crystals can then bind together to form a kidney stone.

Yes. You can have multiple stones in a single kidney. The KUB, below, shows multiple stones in the right kidney (red arrowhead).

Surgery to remove the kidney is called nephrectomy, which is the most common treatment for kidney cancer. As a tumor on a kidney grows, a person may notice blood in the urine or experience unintentional weight loss or back pain that doesn’t go away. If kidney cancer is detected and treated early, the chances for a full recovery are good.

No, the gall bladder is removed with the stones exactly like it would have been in an open operation.

Fish floats upside-down or sideways. This is particularly common in fancy goldfish because of their bizarre body shapes. Dry food eaten quickly swells up in the fish's intestine and keeps the fish from controlling its swim bladder properly. To help, feed the fish pre-soaked or gel-based foods. Green foods are also helpful; peas in particular. with finrot, these disorders can also be caused by bacterial infection. Treatment is much the same.

Although the incidence of bladder cancer is low, there has been a significant increase in the disease over the last ten years.

The amount of urine should not be a "dribble".  Individuals should be able to count to 10 from the beginning to the end of urination. Avoid acidic foods.   CLICK HERE  for more information about dietary irritants.

In some instances it's possible to design a small system without knowing your flow. However, we don't recommend this! If you don't know your flow you can easily design a system that puts out more water than you have available. The end result is a system that doesn't work and that gives you more stress than doing your taxes on April 14th. Sometimes you can have a small system that works for years suddenly stop working if you add on in a way that exceeds your flow.

For some women, there will be no warning — their periods will simply stop. But most will go through a phase of erratic periods before they reach menopause. Periods will get further apart, or occasionally closer together. This phase is called the 'menopausal transition', or 'perimenopause', and it can last for several years.