Unfortunately, the official specifications are not freely available (ANSI makes them available for purchase). However, there are books - such as SQL-99 Complete, Really by Peter Gulutzan and Trudy Pelzer - which give a comprehensive overview of the standard, including coverage of stored procedures.

In the proc table of the mysql system database. However, you should not access the tables in the system database directly. Instead, use SHOW CREATE FUNCTION to obtain information about stored functions, and SHOW CREATE PROCEDURE to obtain information about stored procedures. See Section 13.5.4.8, "SHOW CREATE PROCEDURE and SHOW CREATE FUNCTION Syntax", for more information about these statements. You can also query the ROUTINES table in the INFORMATION_SCHEMA database - see Section 22.

Both PL/SQL and Java can be used to create Oracle stored procedures and triggers. This often leads to questions like "Which of the two is the best?" and "Will Oracle ever desupport PL/SQL in favour of Java?". Many Oracle applications are based on PL/SQL and it would be difficult of Oracle to ever desupport PL/SQL. In fact, all indications are that PL/SQL still has a bright future ahead of it. Many enhancements are still being made to PL/SQL.

This is a privilege issue.You will probably get the error 1044 "Access denied ..." or 1370 "Alter routine command denied to user ...". ...

Most likely you're trying to debug on a version of VS that doesn't support SQL debugging. You need Visual Studio Professional Edition or higher. Credentials used to run VS and to make connection to SQL Server must have SA role e.g. part of Administrators group on SQL Server box. Go to https://connect.microsoft.com/site/sitehome.aspx?SiteID=210&wa=wsignin1.0 and click on Submit Feedback and follow steps to file a bug/suggestion against VS debugger.

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By default, you put an exception handler at the end of a subprogram to handle exceptions that are raised anywhere inside the subprogram. To continue executing from the spot where an exception happens, enclose the code that might raise an exception inside another BEGIN-END block with its own exception handler. For example, you might put separate BEGIN-END blocks around groups of SQL statements that might raise NO_DATA_FOUND, or around arithmetic operations that might raise DIVIDE_BY_ZERO.

SQL is a limited language that allows you to directly interact with the database. You can write queries (SELECT), manipulate objects (DDL) and data (DML) with SQL. However, SQL doesn't include all the things that normal programming languages have, such as loops and IF...THEN...ELSE statements. PL/SQL is a normal programming language that includes all the features of most other programming languages.

Yes. For a database named dbname, use this query on the INFORMATION_SCHEMA.ROUTINES table: SELECT ROUTINE_TYPE, ROUTINE_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.ROUTINES WHERE ROUTINE_SCHEMA='dbname'; The body of a stored routine can be viewed using SHOW CREATE FUNCTION (for a stored function) or SHOW CREATE PROCEDURE (for a stored procedure). See Section 13.5.4.8, "SHOW CREATE PROCEDURE and SHOW CREATE FUNCTION Syntax", for more information.

Yes. If a database schema has become inconsistent due to the use of sp_rename, and a stored procedure or a function definition refers to a different name from what is in the system tables, SQL Compare 6 automatically fixes these inconsistencies.

Not in MySQL 5.1. We intend to implement the SQL standard SIGNAL and RESIGNAL statements in a future MySQL release.

MySQL implements HANDLER definitions according to the SQL standard. See Section 18.2.8.2, "DECLARE Handlers", for details.

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SQL is a declarative language that allows database programmers to write a SQL declaration and hand it to the database for execution. As such, SQL cannot be used to execute procedural code with conditional, iterative and sequential statements. To overcome this limitation, PL/SQL was created. PL/SQL is Oracle's Procedural Language extension to SQL. PL/SQL's language syntax, structure and data types are similar to that of Ada.

One can use the DBMS_OUTPUT package to write information to an output buffer. This buffer can be displayed on the screen from SQL*Plus if you issue the SET SERVEROUTPUT ON; command. For example: set serveroutput on begin dbms_output.put_line('Look Ma, I can print from PL/SQL!!!'); end; / DBMS_OUTPUT is useful for debugging PL/SQL programs. However, if you print too much, the output buffer will overflow. In that case, set the buffer size to a larger value, eg.

One can call DDL statements like CREATE, DROP, TRUNCATE, etc. from PL/SQL by using the "EXECUTE IMMEDIATE" statement (native SQL). Examples: begin EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'CREATE TABLE X(A DATE)'; end; begin execute Immediate 'TRUNCATE TABLE emp'; end; DECLARE var VARCHAR2(100); BEGIN var := 'CREATE TABLE temp1(col1 NUMBER(2))'; EXECUTE IMMEDIATE var; END; Users running Oracle versions below Oracle 8i can look at the DBMS_SQL package (see FAQ about Dynamic SQL).